572 



reached the inside of the enclosure by a short flight, only a small 

 number being captured on the tanglefoot band. In July and August 

 1913, preliminary experiments were performed in protecting the 

 terminals of peach trees by placing paper, mosquito netting and cheese- 

 cloth bags over them. On June 18th 1914, uninjured tips were covered 

 with unglazed paper bags. On 26th June the young tips of the trees 

 were bent over, owing to the weight of the bags and the constant winds. 

 The bags were removed on 30th June, when growth was found to have 

 been impeded, and this method of protection was therefore abandoned. 

 Pruning was begun on 29th July, the injured leader and a varying 

 number of laterals being removed. Examination on 9th November 

 showed unsatisfactory results, but about 12 per cent, of the trees had 

 practically outgrown injury. Early pruning of the lower laterals at 

 such time as most of the bugs had left the peach blocks seemed to give 

 promise of assisting the trees to recover. Much depends on weather 

 conditions and the amount of growth made by the tree after pruning. 



FuNKHOUSER (W. D.). Not9 on the Life-History of Enchenopa bino- 

 tatu, Say (Membracidae), on the Butternut. — Jl. Econ. Entom.^ 

 Concord, viii, no. 3, June 1915, pp. 368-371. 



Enchenopa binotata, Say, is widely distributed throughout the eastern 

 United States. The most characteristic feature of the life-history of 

 this species is the habit of covering the eggs with a frothy mass. The 

 eggs are laid in two nearly parallel slits in the bark and the froth is 

 placed over the slits in layers. This has been observed on Celastrua 

 scandens, L. (bitter-sweet), Robinia pseudacacia, L. (locust) and Ptelea 

 trifoliata, L. (hop-tree). On the butternut, Juglans cinerea, L., the 

 eggs are laid at the base of, or in, the buds during the latter part of 

 August ; they are seldom covered with the frothy deposit so charac- 

 teristic of this species on other hosts. The earliest field record of the 

 nymph is 3rd May ; the development of the nymph requires about 

 six weeks. Adults appear in large numbers at the beginning of July, 

 usually grouped about the petioles of the leaves. There is no evidence 

 to show that the winter is passed in the adult stage. In the vicinity 

 of Ithaca, N.Y., E. binotata is not attended by ants. It appears to 

 be a species of considerable economic importance, since it has been 

 reported on a wide variety of host plants and has been known to 

 injure many of them seriously. In the case of the butternut, the buds 

 are often destroyed and adventitious growths occur near the punctured 

 buds which have failed to develop. 



Webster (R. L.). Effect of Low Temperature on the Oyster-Shell 

 Scale {Lepidosaphes uhni, Linn.). — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, viii,, 

 no. 3, June 1915, pp. 371-375, 3 figs. 



During January 1912, the eggs of Lepidosaphes uhni in many 

 localities in Iowa were killed by the low temperature. Further data 

 on the subject were obtained at the end of 1912 and in December 1914. 

 In the latter year, many of the scales examined contained living eggs. 

 There is a single generation annually, from the beginning of August 

 until the middle of May, the eggs only being present beneath the 



