584 



identified as Pimpla (Itoplectes) conquisilor, Say, Microdus (Basstis) 

 earmoides, Cress., Ojyius [Biosteres) sp. and Trichogramma mimdvm, 

 Riley, {pretiosa. Riley). Of these, M. earinoides is the only one 

 which has previously been recorded as a parasite of the bud moth. 

 T .minutum was reared from the eggs, the others from the pupae. When 

 parasitised the eggs assume a deep, shiny black colour. T. minutum 

 is the most abundant and will very likely soon check the increase of 

 the bud moth. From 21st July to 3rd August inclusive, the author 

 collected 1,359 eggs from various orchards, 77 per cent, of which were 

 parasitised by P. minutum. According to Taschenberg, the following, 

 parasites of this pest occur in Europe : — Chelomis nigri7vus, C similis, 

 Microdus rufipes, Mesochorus dilutus and Lissonota cidiciformis. 

 Slingerland gives the following as occurring in the United States : — ■ 

 Phyfodictus vulgaris, Cr., Pimpla sp. near alboricta, Cr., and Microdus 

 laticinctus, Cr. The last-named has also been reported from Canada. 



Du Porte (E. M.). Two Bacterial Diseases of Injurious Insect Larvae. 



— 7th Ann. Rept. Quebec Soc. Prat. Plants from Insects and Fung. 

 Dis. {1914-1915), Quebec, 1915, pp. 81-85, 1 fig. [Received 4th 

 August 1915.] 



From diseased caterpillars of Malacosoma americana (the orchard 

 tent caterpillar) the author obtained cultures of an organism pathogenic 

 to them. Experiments were also tried to determine whether infection 

 could be spread by spraying the germs on the food-plants, but the 

 results were not conclusive. In 1914, Professor Zoe Northrup, of 

 Michigan Agricultural College, described a bacterial disease of June 

 beetle larvae, Lachnosterna spp., caused by Micrococcus nigrqfaciens, 

 Northrup [see this Review, Ser. A, ii, p. 639]. This Micrococcus is 

 usually accompanied by a putrefactive organism, a gas-producing 

 bacillus, which Miss Northrup regards as being probably B. septicus 

 insectorum, Krassilstchik. With a view to discovering whether the 

 organism occurs as a parasite of the white grub in Quebec soils and is 

 virulent to local forms, a series of experiments were made which, 

 though incomplete, render it probable that Micrococcus nigrqfaciens 

 is present in Quebec and that the putrefactive organism may cause 

 death even when not associated with M. nigrofaciens. The latter 

 conclusion is not, however, regarded as definitely proved, as it is possible 

 that tissues which are attacked by the putrefactive bacillus are already 

 diseased. 



SwAiNE (J. M ). Shade Tree Insects in Quebec. — 7th Ann. Rept. 

 Quebec Soc. Prot. Plants from Insects and Fung. Dis. (1914-1915), 

 Quebec, 1915, pp. 91-115, 13 figs. [Received 4th August 1915.] 



The most important of the insect pests attacking shade trees are :■ — 

 Eriosoma americanum (elm woolly aphis), Gossgparia spuria (elm 

 bark louse), Malacosoma disstrid (forest tent caterpillar), Datana 

 intcgerrima (black walnut caterpillar), Asterolecanium variolosum 

 (golden oak scale), Hemerocampa leucostigma (white-marked tussock 

 moth), Hyphantriii textor (fall webworm), Agrilus anxius (bronze birch 

 borer), Cytlene robiniae (locust borer), Saperda calcarata (poplar borer), 

 Podosesia syringae (lilac borer), Elojihidion villosum (oak twig pruner), 



