587 



The control methods used are the removal of the larvae from the 

 burrows by means of a knife, the fumigation of the tunnels by means 

 of carbon bisulphide, the destruction of wild host plants in the vicinity 

 of the orchard, and the use of various paints and washes. Kerosene 

 applied to the trunks is liable to injure the bark. A thick coating of 

 white lead paint and raw linseed oil for a distance of about 1 foot up 

 the trunk and 2 or 3 inches below the soil is very effective in preventing 

 the female from depositing eggs in the bark. Mechanical protectors, 

 in the form of wrappers of paper, cloth, or fine-meshed wire netting, 

 answer a similar purpose. Such protectors should be placed round 

 the top of the trunk to prevent the beetles from crawling down to 

 oviposit. Spraying with arsenicals will kill many of the adults. 



Marlatt (C. L.). The Silverfish ; an injurious Household Insect. — 

 U.S. Dept. Aqric, Washington, D.C, Farmers' Bull. no. 681, 

 14th July 1915, 4 pp. 2 figs. 



Lepisma saccliarina (silverfish) is an enemy of books, paper, starched 

 clothing and occasionally of stored food substances. An allied form, 

 Thermobia domeslica, frecjuents ovens and fireplaces and can stand 

 temperatures which would be fatal to another insect. Cardboard 

 covered with a layer of starch paste to which white arsenic has been 

 added, is an effective bait, while p\Tethrum and sodium fluoride can 

 be successfully used on books, papers, etc. 



^ Webster (F. M.) & Kelly (E. 0. G.). The Hessian Fly Situation in 

 ^ 1915.— Z7.^. Dept. Agric, Washington, D.C, Circ. no. 51, 2nd 



July 1915, 10 pp., 5 figs. 



It is pointed out that, at the date of publication of this circular, all 

 measures against the Hessian fly {Mayetiola destructor) have the object 

 of protecting the wheat to be sown during the months of September 

 and October. No wheat should be sown in August. Figures are 

 given to enable farmers to recognise attacks ; one series of twelve 

 pictures illustrates the seasonal development of the fly throughout 

 the year, and another is an outline map of the United States, the area 

 between 44° N. latitude and 33° N. latitude being marked with the 

 approximate dates after which, under normal conditions, wheat may 

 be sown without fear of serious attack. These dates extend from 10th 

 September to 1st November. The usual control measures are 

 described. 



Levison (J. J.). Hickory Trees Threatened with Destruction. — Amer. 

 Forestry, Washington, D.C, xxi, no. 259, July 1915, pp. 797-799, 

 3 figs. 



Scolytus quadrispinosKS (hickory bark borer) is responsible for the 

 destruction of thousands of hickory trees all over Long Island and for 

 hundreds of miles north and north-west of New York City. The only 

 effective control is to burn the infested part of the tree or the whole 

 tree during winter, while the larva is working underneath the bark. 

 The hickory trees in Prospect Park, Brooklyn, have been saved in this 

 manner, everv other method having failed. 



