601 



damage. Phlyctaenodes {Eurycreon) sdcticalis, L., was reported only 

 from one locality of the district of Mariupol, where the caterpillars 

 injured maize. 



Coleopterous pests included : — Anisoplia austriaca, Herbst, 

 present everywhere in enormous numbers ; larvae of Agriotes lineatus, 

 L., and Athous niqer, L., injuring crops in some districts ; Pentodon 

 idiota, Herbst, injuring maize ; Bothynoderes {Cleomis) pimctiventris. 

 Germ., attacking sugar-beet in some districts ; Otiorrhynchus ligustici, 

 L., Psalidium maxilloswn, F., Calandra granaria, L., B ruckus pisoncm, 

 L., {pisi, L.), Tenebroides (Trogosita) mauritanica, L., Ophonus calceatus, 

 Duft., Zabriis blaptoides, Creutz., Cassida nebulosa, L. ; Podonta 

 nigrita, F., on ears of wheat ; Chaetocnema {Pledroscelis) breviuscula, 

 Fald., and Haltica euphorbiae, F. 



Dipterous pests were : — Mayetiola destructor. Say ; Chlorops taeniopus, 

 Meig., very widespread and mostly injuring barley ; from the puparia 

 some parasites of the Braconid genus Dacnusa were reared ; Oscinella 

 frit, L. Among the Hymenoptera, Cephus sp. was numerous in some 

 districts, but gi'eatly infested with Chalcid and other parasites. Aphid s 

 were very numerous and attacked practically all field crops, the 

 following species being reported : — Macrosiphum granarium, Kirby ; 

 Siphonophora cerealis, Kalt., on leaves and ears of barley ; Pentaphis 

 trivudis. Pass., on roots of barley ; Toxopfera graminum, Rond., on 

 barley and oats. Tetraneura rubra, Licht., and Capsus lineolatus, 

 Goeze, occurred on lucerne. Thrips injured wheat and oats in some 

 localities, but only Frankliniella {Haplothrips) iritici, Kurdjumov, 

 was identified. Orthoptera : Locusta {Packytylus) migratoria, L., 

 and L. danica, L., were observed, but were not present in serious 

 numbers. 



Pests of orchards and market gardens included : — Hyponomeuta 

 7nalinellus, Zell., H. variabilis, Zell., Cydia pomonella, L., Cydia {Grapho- 

 litha) funebrana, Tr., Lyniantria dispar, L., Euproctis chrysorrhoea, L., 

 Aporia crataegi, L., Malocosoma {Lasiocampa) neustria, L., Zeuzera 

 pyrina, L. {aescidi, L.), Cheimatobia brmnata, L., Pieris brassicae, L., 

 Barathra (Mamestra) brassicae, L. Coleoptera : Epicometis hirta. 

 Pod., Rhynchites giganteus, Kryn., R. auratus. Scop. R. pauxillus, 

 R. bacchus, L., Byctiscus betulae, L. {R. betideti, F.), Sciaphobus squali- 

 dus, F., Anthonomus pomorum, L., and Melolontha melolonthn, L. 

 Poly phylJa fullo, L., was noticed in large numbers and the larvae did 

 considerabl6 damage, though carbon bisulphide proved efEective 

 against them. Lethrus apterus, Laxm., injured \'ine shoots and vege- 

 tables ; Haltica erucae, F. {tamaricis, Schr.), and H. quercetorum, 

 Foudr., were very injurions to oaks in one locality, and Phyllodecta 

 (Phratora) vitellinae, L., and P. vulgatissima , L., attacked black poplars, 

 skeletonising the leaves. Lytta vesicatoria, L., in its imago stage, 

 defoliated ash trees in one locality. Fruit trees were attacked by 

 Aphis pomi, De Geer {mali, ¥.), Hyalopterus arundinis, F. {pruni, ¥.), 

 the excreta of which caused an outbreak of Capnodium salicinum, 

 Mont., and SipJionophora rosae. Dolycoris (Pentatoma) baccarum, L., 

 Avas observed on raspberries, Lepidosaphes idmi, L., on pears and 

 apple trees, Eidecanium pyri, Schrank, on plums, Eriocampoides 

 limacina, L. {Selandria adumbrata, Klug), on cherries and Ardis 

 (Selandria) bipunctata, Klug, on roses. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, L., 



