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The following insects injure the fruit : — Rhynchites auratus, Scop., 

 may be controlled by spraying with a solution of quicklime before 

 the swelling of the buds, and with Paris green after flowering, and 

 repeating this in 10 days. The destruction of the stones, removed 

 when making jam, and of all fallen fruit, is advisable. Anthonomus 

 rectirostris, L. [drupanim, L.), attacks bird-cherries and peaches, as well 

 as cherries. The females pierce the fruits with their proboscis and 

 oviposit inside the stone, the larvae devouring the contents of the 

 latter and pupating inside it. The same remedies as against R. auratus 

 are recommended, besides planting bird-cherry trees in orchards as traps. 

 Rhynchites cupreus, L., is widely spread in South Russia, Caucasia 

 and along the lower Volga ; the imago attacks the buds, leaves and 

 flowers, and oviposits in wounds on the fruit, afterwards gnawing the 

 pedicel and thus causing the fruit to drop. The larvae develop in 

 five or six weeks and pupate in the earth, producing imagines in winter, 

 which only emerge from the earth in the following spring. According 

 to Schreiner, liming the trees before the flowering, shaking down the 

 weevils and collecting and destroying fallen fruits three or four times 

 during May and June are the best remedies. Rhagoletis {Spilographa) 

 cemsi, L., appears in May and June, attacking Lonicera xylosteum and 

 L. tartaricum (honeysuckle) and ovipositing inside cherries. These 

 plants should therefore not be allowed near cherry orchards. Culti- 

 vation of the soil late in autumn and early in spring and collecting 

 the cherries before the larvae have emerged, are advised. Poultry will 

 also destroy the pupae of these flies. 



Insects which injure the bark and trunk include : — Scolytus rugulosus, 

 Ratz., for which the usual remedies are described. According to 

 Mokrzecki, young trees should be smeared in June with carbolic 

 emulsion, which penetrates through the pores of the bark and destroys 

 the larvae. Wounds may be treated with tobacco-carbolic emulsion 

 prepared as follows :- — 2 lb. of tobacco extract, 1 lb. of crude carbolic 

 acid, 1 lb. of purified carboUc acid and 1 lb. of green soap are mixed in 

 hot water and then made up to about 15 gals, with water ; to every 

 27 gallons of this mixture about 1 lb. of Paris green may be added, 

 the mixture being then applied with a brush. Heavily infested trees 

 should be made use of as trap trees and burnt when the larvae are 

 observed in them. Popular information concerning insecticides, 

 sprayers, methods of spraying, etc. is also given. 



GoRiANov (A.). Ktj 6ionor'm oamvioM m BocKJiMuaienbHOM coboktj. 



[On the biology of Enxou segetnm, SchifT., and FeUia exclama- 

 tionis, L.] Reprint from «JlK)6MTeJlb npMpOflbl.» [Friend of 

 Nature], Petrograd, 1915, 7 pp. 



Euxoa segetum, SchifT., and Fellia exclamatimiis, L., are usually found 

 together. The numbers of these species caught in molasses troughs 

 show that there is no regularity in their relative prevalence at a given 

 season or in any one year, though F. exclamationis is always the more 

 numerous in the aggregate. In the district of Riazhsk, government 

 of Riazan, between the 2nd and the 24th July, 422 specimens of 

 F. exclamationis and 18 of E. segetum were captured, while from that 

 date until the 1st September, 293 of the latter and 33 of the former 

 were taken. After the 24th July, the examples of E. segetum probably 

 belonged to the second generation. In that case, this generation 



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