6U 



Emploi de I'eau chaude contre les parasites de la vigne. [The use of 

 hot water against vine-pests. J-^Pro^f res Agric. Vitic, Montpellier, 

 Ixiv, (32nd year), no. 28, 11th July 1915, pp. 34-35. 



In view of M. Semichon's suggestion that further trials in the control 

 of vine- pests with hot water [see this Review, Ser. A, ii, p. 685] were 

 desirable, MM. Salomon of Thomery have made tests both in the 

 vineyard and greenhouse. In the vineyard, a Vermorel Pyralis boiler 

 w^as used in conjunction with a Muratori constant jet-sprayer of 10 

 litres capacity. The shade temperature was 75° F. The water had a 

 temperature of 162° F. when pumped into the sprayer. At first the 

 jet issued at 150° F., but fell to 136° F. in the 15 minutes necessary 

 to empty^the container, .45 stocks, each bearing from. 15 to 18 bunches,, 

 being treated during that period. The operator pushed aside the 

 leaves in order to uncover the bunches ; three times the ordinary 

 quantity, of spray hquid was used. At the date of spraying (28th 

 May), examination of the bait-traps proved that the first flight of 

 Clysia qmbigueUa and Polychrosis boirana was over. Eight days after 

 treatment the following counts of living larvae were made per 100 

 treated bunches ; 67, 70, 71, 85 and 97, the corresponding figures on 

 the alternate control rows being 248, 255, 288, 314 and 485. On the 

 treated, bunches the living larvae were only found in protected parts, 

 while on the untreated control bunches they were found in all parts. 

 This proves that hot water of 136° to 150° F. destroys all unsheltered 

 eggs and larvae. Total destruction requires several successive. appli- 

 cations, entailing an expense out of proportion to the benefits derived. 

 In the gi-eenhouse, any boiler may be employed ; the Muratori hand- 

 sprayer, of 2 litres capacity, was used. The indoor temperature was 

 85° F. The water was pumped into the sprayer at exactly 150° F. 

 and issued between 144° and 150° F. The sprayer was constantly 

 warmed up. Bach bunch was sprayed for five seconds and here also 

 the only larvae which survived were those under shelter. Some tests 

 were conducted with water at 159° F. sprayed for three seconds and 

 this killed all the larvae, including those under shelter. Spraying 

 with water at 139° F. was successfully carried out against black and 

 gi-een Aphid s on a peach tree without injury to the foliage. 



FoNZES-DiAcoN (— ). Sur les poudres cupriques. [Cupric dusting 

 powders.]- — Progres Agric. Vitic., Montpellier, Ixiv (32nd year), 

 no. 28, 11th July 1915, pp. 37-41. 



Like cupric solutions, cupric dusting powders may be divided into 

 acid, neutial aiid alkaline varieties. Ihe acid powders contain copper 

 which is. soluble in water, and on being wetted, they act immediately 

 on the mildew spores. They also contain insoluble copper which may 

 be rendered soluble with the aid of the carbonic acid dissolved in water 

 and thus also have a retarded action. If they are too acid, they may 

 scorch the vine, sometimes injuring the foliage and the grapes. The 

 neutral powdeis only contain copper which is insoluble in water and 

 present, in the form of compounds of varying chemical composition, 

 but capable of more or less rapid solution in rain water and dew 

 charged with carbonic acid. Their anticryptogamic action is thus 



