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for serious losses on account of its habit of climbing fruit trees and 

 destrovino; the buds. Such injury is done in May and early June. 

 The species occurs from Manitoba to the Maritime Provinces. The 

 moths appear in June and July. In eastern Ontario, the insect 

 hibernates as an immature larva. Agrotis unicolor {Noctna clandestirm) 

 attacks vegetables, fruit trees, shrubs and the roots of grasses. The 

 moths fly from June to September. The immature larvae hibernate 

 in the soil at a short distance below the surface. In the spring they 

 become active, becoming full-grown in May or June. Adults collected 

 in the middle of October may have belonged to a second brood . Agrotis 

 (Nodua) c-nigrum has been recorded on tomatoes, carrots, gooseberry, 

 etc. The over- wintering larvae come out of hibernation as soon as 

 food is available, and produce moths in May or June. Hadena 

 devastatrix seldom comes above the surface of the ground, but feeds 

 on the roots and underground stems of grasses, wheat, oats, etc. In 

 Ottawa the larvae have been found on young tobacco plants. Adults 

 are found from June to September. Eggs are laid late in the season 

 and the larvae hibernate when partly growai. Larvae found in Ontario 

 in May pupated on 19th May and the adults emerged on 19th July. 

 Parastichtis [H.) arctica is similar in habits to H. devastatrix, and is 

 most abundant in May and June. Scot.ogramma {Mamestra) trifolii is 

 usually abundant in Ontario during August, when pea fields are 

 attacked. The outer portion of the pods, as well as leaves and parts 

 of the stems, are eaten. When food becomes scarce, this species 

 assumes the marching habit. In Ontario and the eastern provinces, 

 adults have been collected from May until autumn, so that there are 

 probably at least two broods. Larvae of Feltia ducens have been 

 found in spring and in September. In eastern Canada motlis are 

 abundant in August and in western Canada about a month earlier. 

 Agrotis [N octiia) fennica chiefly attacks leguminous crops, and is most 

 abundant in Ontario and Quebec. The larvae become full-groAvii and 

 disappear in most years about the end of May. Nephelodes ermnedonia 

 is injurious to grass lands in Eastern Canada. The larvae are met 

 with from April to June ; eggs are laid in late summer or autumn and 

 the winter is passed in the larval stage. Euxoa tessellata (declarata) 

 caused serious loss in vegetable gardens in Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, 

 and Prince Edward Island during June 1914. There is apparently 

 one brood annually ; in Ontario, pupation occurred from 23rd to 

 27th June, and adults emerged from 1 1th to 16th July. Porosagrotis 

 orthogonia was not known as an injurious insect until 1911. In that 

 year extensive damage to grain crops was reported from Alberta. 

 In Ottawa, larvae pupated in the soil on 28th May, and adults emerged 

 on 19th July. In Alberta and Saskatchewan Euxoa (Chorizagrotis) 

 auxiliaris {introferens) and E. agrestis have been recorded on many 

 kinds of succulent plants. The larvae of Euxoa excellens and Hadena 

 {Dargida) jy^'ocincta have been found on vegetable crops in British 

 Columbia. In Manitoba, larvae of Euxoa deter sa {personata) and 

 Feltia venerabilis have destroyed vegetables, and in 1914, the latter 

 species was found on oats. [For methods of control see this Review 

 Ser. A, ii, pp. 24 and 521 ; iii, pp. 564 and 620.] 



