679 



benefit derived. The 40-80-50 formula is very similar to the one 

 recommended, but gives a much weaker solution — 122 gallons of this 

 being equal to 100 gallons of the formula proposed. 



In preparing lime-sulphur solutions, 25 gallons of water appears to 

 be the minimum quantity of water that can be advantageously used 

 for 50 lb. lime and 100 lb. sulphur. If this be done, and 25 gallons 

 more water be added, a solution is obtained which closely approximates 

 that obtained by the 50-100-50 formula. In preparing these solutions, 

 the fluid must be boiled briskly and yet cautiously ; otherwise 

 discrepancies in composition of resulting solutions will occur. 



Urich (F. W.). Locusts or Grasshoppers. — Bull. Dept. Agric, Trinidad 

 & Tobago, Port- of -Spain, xiv, no. 4, 1915, pp. 120-128, 1 map. 

 [Received 18th September 1915.] 



In Venezuela, the following plants were attacked by Schistocerca 

 paranensis between 29th May and 1st June 1915 : — Cassia occidentalis, 

 bananas, Erythrina umhrosa, coconut palms, Acrocomia sclerocarpa 

 (gru-gru palm), Oredoxa oleracea (cabbage palm), maize, cassava, peas 

 and sugar-cane. Cacao was not touched. On 29th and 30th May, 

 a swarm on its way to Trinidad from Venezuela was diverted by a 

 north wind. The island of Patos, 3 miles from the mainland, was 

 attacked by the locusts, which injured maize and coconut palms there. 

 The soil of the island was not suitable for oviposition. According to 

 a report from Venezuela dated 25th June, the flying insects had 

 disappeared and their place had been taken by swarms of young 

 hoppers. In Trinidad nothing has been heard of the few insects 

 which arrived at the beginning of June ; they have probably been 

 destroyed by insectivorous birds. 



GuppY (P. L.). Froghopper Control. — Bull. Dept. Agric, Trinidad d 

 Tobago, Port- of- Spain, xiv, no. 4, 1915, p, 132. [Received 18th 

 September 1915.] 



The following instructions were issued in April to owners of sugar 

 estates : — ^Soon after rain commences, no matter how light the 

 showers are, careful search should be made for the first signs of 

 the froghopper. Sometimes adults only are seen in cane-tops ; 

 in some cases these have come from long distances, mostly from 

 abandoned fields, drains and traces. Scattered nymphs are often 

 hidden away in places where there is enough moisture to hatch 

 eggs that have been aestivating in favourable spots, the adults which 

 issue from these find their way to the cultivated fields. Before the 

 wet season begins, traces are to be hoed and the rubbish taken to the 

 pens. All trash should be removed to the pens, and not returned to 

 the fields till well broken up and sodden^especially the trash of the 

 two or three rows of cane nearest traces or grass land. On appearance 

 of froghoppers, although only a few adults may at first be seen, it is 

 important that these should be killed in the cane tops by squeezing 

 the leaf-sheafs ; later, when they become numerous, both this method 



