694 



importance : Tenebrio molitor, L., feeding in the larval stage on bran 

 and flour ; Pytho depressus, L., predaceous on the larvae of other 

 insects ; Balanimis nucum, L., occurring in the larval stage in the hazel- 

 nut ; Anthonomus pedicularius, L. {uhni, de Geer), living in the buds 

 of the elm ; Cionus fraxini, de Geer, from the leaves of ash ; Orchestes 

 rufus, Schrank, the larva of which mines in the leaves of elm ; 0. alni, 

 L., mining in the leaves of alder ; Calandra granaria, L., in the 

 grain of all kinds of cereals; and Bnichus pisoriwiJj., [jnsi, L.), 

 destructive to peas and other leguminous crops. 



Lesne (P.). Mediterranean Fruit-Fly {Cerafitis capitafa) injuring Pears 



near Paris. — C. R. des Seances de I Academie d Agriculture de France, 

 i. no. 16 (July 28th 1915), pp. 495-497. (Abstract from MtUy. 

 Bull. Agric. Intelligence & Plant Diseases, Rome.) 



In October 1914 some late pears gathered at Asnieres, Seine, were 

 found to be bored by galleries quite different from those made by 

 codling moth larvae {Cydia pomonella). Each pear contained a single 

 gallery, which was of irregular outline and full of brown gnawed pulp ; 

 there were as many as ten Muscid larvae at the end of each. In the 

 laboratory some of the larvae pupated, but only two emerged, on 

 12th December, when they were recognised as examples of the 

 Mediterranean fruit- fly {Ceratitis capitata, Wied.). The land on which 

 the pears were grown is near Courbevoie, where Giard first recorded 

 C. capitata in the Paris district in 1900 ; at that time the damage 

 was done to apricots, the crop being largely destroyed on some farms. 

 In 1906 Giard noted that this pest was still doing damage, peaches 

 being seriously injured in various places round Paris. It would be of 

 value to know how it passes the winter in France ; probably it does 

 so in the pupal state. Its apparently permanent presence is a new 

 menace to fruit-growing in this district. 



Sanzin (R.). Citrus White-Fly {Aleiirodes citri) on Lemons and Oranges 

 in the Province of Mendoza, Argentina. — La Enologia Argentina, 

 Mendoza, i, no. 2, 1st June, 1915, pp. 42-43, 6 figs. (Abstract 

 from MtJdy. Bull. Agric. Intelligence & Plant Diseases. Rome.) 



The citrus white-fly {Aleurodes citri) has spread so rapidly in the 

 province of Mendoza that it is now one of the worst pests of oranges 

 and lemons ; not a single tree seems to be free from its attacks, which 

 cause withering of the leaves. The best means of destroying the insect 

 is to spray in spring before flowering with lime-sulphur or petroleum 

 emulsion. Both these washes destroy the white waxy covering of the 

 insect and so can act directly on it. The following are the formulae 

 recommended :— Lime-sulphur mixture : sulphur 2'8 lb. ; slaked lime 

 2-8 lb. ; common salt 2-8 lb. ; water 8-5 gals. To about a gallon of 

 boiling water add first the sulphur, then the lime and lastly the salt ; 

 after boiling for an hour or an hour and a half with constant stirring, 

 allow to cool, syphon off and make up to 8| gallons. Petroleum 

 emulsion: Petroleum 1/10 gal., soft soap 3 lb., water 10 gallons. 



