704 



Aphid attacking peas, although it also breeds on other plants, mostly 

 Papilionaceae, and may then be found in company with other species, 

 such as Megoura viciae, Kalt., on Lathjrus, Aphis craccae, Kalt., on 

 stems and petioles of Ervum (lentil) and Vicia cracca, and A. capsellae, 

 Kalt., on Capsella bursa- pastor is. It is also found on some Umbelliferous 

 plants, such as Cliaeropihyllum teniulentum and G. silvestre (cow- 

 parsley). It is not found on Geum urbanutn or Spiraea ulmaria, and 

 the author doubts the correctness of the statements that it occurs on 

 Urtica dioica (nettle), Phaseolus vulgaris, TanaceUim vulgaris (tansy), 

 Artemisia absinthium (wormwood), Colutea (bladder senna) or 

 Epilobium (willow herb). Warm, wet weather is very favourable 

 to the development of Aphids on peas, while cold weather, cold rains 

 dry winds and droughts delay their development. Amongst the 

 enemies of A. pisi are recorded Syrphid and Coccinellid larvae, adults 

 of Coccinella l-punctata and C conglobata ; the larvae of Chrysopa 

 are rare amongst their colonies, as also is the Braconid parasite, 

 Aphidius ervi, Hal. Although A. pisi is largely destroyed by heavy 

 rains, experiments on submerging them in water showed that they 

 are able to survive cold after a 12 hours' submersion ; the action of 

 rain is therefore probably a mechanical one in dislodging them from 

 the plants. So far as European Russia is concerned, damage by 

 Aphids to peas is limited to the south. Experiments in spraying with 

 1 per cent, or 2 per cent, solutions of lysol and with kerosene soap 

 emulsion, gave negative results ; the emulsion proved more injurious 

 to the peas than to the Aphids, while the lysol, if strong enough to 

 destroy the insects, also damaged the plants. The early sowing of 

 peas may protect them from serious damage ; they should also be 

 sown amongst Graminaceous plants, and such others as are not attacked 

 by A. pisi and as far as possible from meadows, bushes, roads, etc. 

 In 1890 A. Vedeneiev recommended sowing peas mixed with hemp- 

 seed (about 2 lb. to the acre) as practised by the German colonists in 

 the government of Samara. A synonymy and bibliography is 

 appended. 



Gonzalez (B.). Informes sobre destrucci6n de la langosta. [Notes on 

 the destruction of locusts.] — Rev. Agricola, Bogota, i, no. 4, April 

 1915, pp. 210-211. [Received 13th September 1915.] 



This report to the Colombian Minister of Agriculture and Commerce 

 describes the destruction of locusts by Seiior Francisco de A. Salive's 

 " Insecticida Eureka." A strip of canvas, 22 yards long and 2 yards 

 wide, was impregnated with the liquid and laid on the ground and a 

 mass of locusts estimated to weigh about 2 cwt. was driven over it, 

 their passage taking about 40 minutes. Fourteen hours later the 

 locusts were dead. The cost of this application was about 6s. 3d. ; 

 the bulk of the insecticide diminished at the rate of 5 per cent, 

 for every two hours required to contaminate a mass of locusts, but 

 the insecticidal power of the solution was not impaired by exposure. 

 According to another member of the inspection committee, about 

 1 cwt. of solution was used to impregnate the canvas, and direct contact 

 with it killed the locusts within 24 hours. 



