16 



Spraying slioukl Ix' done lallKT thoroughly, thougli there is no need 

 to coat tlic tree completely, as in spra3nng for codling moth [Cydia 

 pomonella]. It seems probable that after this fly has once been brought 

 under control, the ordinary sprays for codling moth given after the 

 petals fall and again three weeks later may be all that are required. 



Herrick (G. W.). Some Orchard Pests of the Past Season. — Proc. 2nd 

 Ann. Meeting N.Y. Hortic. Soc, 1919, pp. 15-24, 4 figs. [Received 

 8th November 1920.] 



The insects generally prevalent and destructive during 1919 included : 

 — Melanoplus femur-ruhntm (red-legged grasshopper), M. ailantis 

 (lesser migratory grasshopper), Pomphopoea sayi (blister beetle) 

 on peach trees, a bug, Cosmopepla carnifex, on potatoes and other 

 plants, Contarinia tritici (wheat midge), Plathypena scabra (green 

 clover worm), Lema trilineata, Empoasca mali (potato leaf hopper), 

 Eriocampoides Umacina (pear slug), Hadena fractilinea (lined corn 

 borer) and Hyper a punctata (clover-leaf weevil). The apple maggot 

 [Rhagoletis pomonella] is becoming increasingly important as an apple 

 pest, and recent experience with regard to its destruction is discussed 

 [see preceding paper]. From the latter part of June until September 

 the red-humped caterpillar [Schiztira concinna] and the yellow-necked 

 caterpillar [Datana ministra] were rather more abundant than usual. 

 The trees were badly defoliated, and branches thus injured often 

 fail to survive the winter. A spray of 6 lb. of lead arsenate paste to 100 

 U.S. gals, of water is advocated against them, and should be applied as 

 soon as the caterpillars are noticed, followed by a second application 

 about two weeks later. In the case of a light infestation the caterpillars 

 may be cut out or shaken to the ground and killed. A poison-bait 

 consisting of 5 lb. of lead arsenate, 1 U.S. gal. of molasses and 100 U.S. 

 gals, of water should be used as soon as the first flies of the cherry 

 maggot [Rhagoletis cingtdata] are seen, which is usually about the 

 beginning of June. The second application should be made 10 days 

 later. 



For the control of apple red bugs. Meter ocordylus malinus and 

 Lygidea mendax, the addition of nicotine sulphate to the first codling 

 moth spray just after the petals fall has given good results. In severe 

 infestations one pint of nicotine sulphate may also be added to the 

 spray before the blossoms open. 



The false tarnished plant bug, Lygits communis, is recorded as 

 occurring on apples. On pears this pest has been successfully con- 

 trolled by the application of nicotine sulphate spray after the petals 

 have fallen. 



The necessity for co-operation among the various communities in 

 regular spraying each year is emphasised. 



Felt (E. P.). Com Borers and Grass Insects. — N.Y. State Mus., 

 Albany, [n.d.], 7 pp., 6 figs. 



The pests dealt with include Craiiibiis Ititcoldlns, Clem., C. vulgiva- 

 gellus, Clem., C. trisectits, Wlk., Hadena fractilinea, Grote (lined corn 

 borer), Papaipema nebris, Gn. [nitcla, Gn.) (stalk borer), Heliothis 

 obsoleta, F. (corn ear worm), and Pyransta nubilalis, Hb. (European 

 corn borer). A key is given to facilitate the recognition of these 

 moths, with particulars of the damage they do and general remedial 

 measures for them. 



