32 



Bordeaux mixture alone or combined with nicotine sulphate (1-1200) 

 appear to be of equal value in protecting the foliage from disease. At 

 least thre'e applications should be made ; tlie first when the leaf- 

 hoppers are abundant, the second about 10 to 14 days later, and the 

 third about two weeks after the second, but depending on the amount 

 of new growth infested. A fourth application should be made in hot 

 dry seasons when there is heavy new growth in late summer, and a 

 great abundance of leafhoppers and also other potato diseases. An 

 arsenical may be combined with the spray for the control of leaf-eating 

 insects. 



The natural enemies of Empoasca mali inchule a Hymenopterous 

 parasite, probably a Dryinid, whicli attacks the eggs, and a fungus, 

 EntomophtJiora spJiaerospenna, which attacks both nymphs and adults. 

 This latter greatly ri'duced the infestation in tlie northern sections. 



Hawley (I. ]\I.). Injuries to Beans in the Pod by Hemipterous 

 Insects. — Jl. Econ. Entoni., Concord, N.H., xiii, no. 5, October 1920, 

 pp. 415-416, 1 plate. 



Observations show that the deformations found on beans, varying 

 from circular depressed areas with a dark spot in the centre to ragged 

 holes in which the bean coat is badly damaged, are chiefly due to injury 

 caused by the bug, Adelphocoris rapidus. Say. Such deformations may 

 also be caused by the Pentatomid, Enschistus variolarius, P. de B. 

 (spined tobacco bug), and LygJis pratensis, L. (tarnished plant bug). 

 The apple leaf hopper, Empoasca mali, Le B., was also present on beans 

 in the field, but apparently is unable to do similar injury. 



Wadley (F. M.). U.S. Bur. Entom. The Squash Bug.—//. Econ. 

 Entom., Concord, N.H., xiii, no. 5, October 1920. pf>. 416-425. 



The squash bug, Anasa iristis, De G., is found practically everywhere 

 on squashes and pumpkins in the United States, Mexico, Central 

 America and Canada. The chief damage is done in late summer, when 

 the weather is hot and dry and the nymphs are most numerous. Its 

 feeding and the toxic effect of its bites cause withering of the leaf, and 

 after the death of several leaves the whole plant may wilt. When 

 the normal food-plants become overcrowded or exhausted, cucurbits 

 may be attacked, although this bug is essentially a pest of squashes and 

 pumpkins. 



Hibernation occurs in the adult stage, the mature bugs living from 

 nine to twelve months. There are probably two generations through- 

 out the maize belt, but in the south, three or more generations may be 

 expected. In the extreme south it might be possible for the nymphs 

 to withstand the winter, but in severer climates they succumb to the 

 cold. 



General activity begins with the first warm summer weather early in 

 June, and oviposition continues until the females die. An average of 

 10 eggs a day may be deposited by one individual. They are placed 

 in clusters on the side of the leaves. The incubation period varies 

 from 7 to 9 days, but in cool weather may extend to 1 7 days. The 

 nymphs are gregarious, and are found on the under-surface of the 

 leaves. The older nymphs may be seen on the stems. The different 

 instars vary from 2 to 3, 4 to 8, 6 to 11, and 14 days respectively, making 

 a total of 26 to 36 days. The instars may be longer in very cold weather. 

 Adults of the first generation were first noticed in July and continued 



