120 



pomonellci] formed the subject of this address. The information 

 given has aheady been noticed to a large extent [R.A.E., h, vi, 

 199 ; viii, 3721. 



Darlington (P. S.). Codling Moth Control vs. Extermination. — 

 Repl. Proc. 15th Ann. Meeting Washington State — Hortic. Assoc, 

 Spokane, Ist-Sth December 1919, Olympia, Wash., 1920, pj). 

 14-22. [Received 7th January 1921.] 



It is estimated that in 1918 the State of Washington spent about 

 £300,000 (at par) in an attempt to control the codling moth [Cydia 

 povwnella], and even then suffered a direct loss of £800,000. In 

 the same year British Columbia had no direct loss from this pest 

 owing to the policy of extermination adopted there since its first 

 introduction. In all, 15 outbreaks have occurred there, but in each 

 case the infested area was quarantined and the pest was stamped out 

 before it could spread. 



The commercial apple industry is older in Washington than in 

 British Columbia, and it is likely that at its inception, and at the 

 time the pest was introduced, there was not sufficient knowledge to 

 make a campaign of extermination practicable. 



There are in Washington certain areas still free from codHng moth, 

 and it is urged that with proper organisation migration into these 

 can be checked and slight infestations stamped out. Experience 

 in one area of 1,400 acres in Washington, in which infestation was 

 reduced from 20 per cent, to 2 per cent, in one year, leads the author 

 to believe that it is possible to exterminate this pest even in old 

 badly infested areas. The trees in the area in question were about 

 15 years old, and 20-25 ft. high. The spray contained 4 lb. lead arsenate 

 to a 400 U.S. gallon tank. Wherever possible a rod and Bordeaux nozzle 

 were used, with a pressure of 250-300 lb. W^here there were varieties 

 that did not bloom at the same time, two calyx sprays were used. At the 

 time the calyx spray was applied no larvae were hatching, but they 

 began doing so 3-4 weeks later. The first cover spray was the time 

 for the chief outbreak of the first brood of caterpillars. The second 

 cover spray was applied against the second brood, about 7-8 weeks 

 later. In some cases an additional spray was applied about half-way 

 between the two cover sprays, where there were enough stragglers 

 of the first brood to justify it. 



Childs (L.). Degree of Codling Moth Control obtained with Spray 

 Gun and Spray Rod and the Dusting Methods. — Kept. Proc. loth 

 Ann. Meeting Washington State Hortic. Assoc, Spokane, lst-5th 

 December 1919, Olympia, Wash., 1920, pp. 22-39. [Received 

 7th January 1921.] 



The information given here is substantially the same as that noticed 

 in another paper [R.A.E., A, viii, 462]. Stress is laid on the need 

 for a sufficiently powerful sprayer, about 10 horse-power being required 

 with 2 spray-guns. From figures that have accumulated, it appears 

 that Cydia pomonella is inclined to deposit more eggs in the tops 

 of the trees than nearer the ground ; fruit should therefore either not 

 be grown at that height or be very well sprayed. A spraying tower 

 would enable the necessary effect to be obtained. 



