162 



one serious infestation by Tyroglyphus farinae was discovered. 

 Cargoes of grain from Australia were heavily infested with Calandra 

 oryzae, Laemophloeus fcrrugineus and Tribolium castaneum 

 [ferritgincum). The Chalcid, Aplastomorpha praiti, was also found 

 in wheat. 



Macaroni was especially damaged by Calandra granaria in Vancouver, 

 and the bean weevil [Britchus sp.] occurred in seed beans in Quebec. 



Wade (J. S). U.S. Bur. Ent. Notes on Ecology of Injurious Tene- 



brionidae (Col.). — Ent. Neu's, Philadelphia, Pa., xxxii, no. 1, 

 January 1921, pp. 1-6. 



Tenebrionid larvae are becoming yearly more destructive to newly 

 sown wheat and other grain in the semi-arid regions of the middle and 

 western United States. The most injurious species belong to the genera 

 Eleodes, Embaphion, Blapstiniis, smd Asida. Owing to the destruction 

 of native grasses and other food-plants, species of closely related genera 

 may become dangerous pests. The injury is caused by the larvae 

 destroying the newly sown grain before or during germination in the 

 autumn. The factors affecting the distribution of these beetles are 

 briefly outlined, and it is considered that a carefully worked out system 

 of crop rotation will prove to be one of the best remedial measures. 

 As the adults frequently hide under piles of Russian thistle {Salsola 

 kali var. tenuifolia) and common thistle [Cirsinm lanceolatiim) , their 

 numbers may be greatly reduced by the destruction of all such weeds. 

 Paper is one of the favourite shelters for adults, and is suggested as 

 a cover for poison baits. Although heavy pasturage appears to reduce 

 the number of insects, serious damage often follows when cereal crops 

 are planted on old pasture land or on adjacent land. The presence of 

 cattle in moderate numbers apparently favours the increase of Eleodes 

 spp. While infested fields may contain several species, occasional 

 areas contain a majority of a single one. As a result of the complexity 

 of distribution, it is urged that a more careful stud}^ of the similar 

 habits of different species must be made over an extensive and varied 

 territorv before trustworthv remedial measures can be advocated. 



Braux (A. F.). Notes on Microlepidoptera, with Descriptions of New 

 Species. — Ent. News, Philadelphia, Pa., xxxii, no. 1, January 

 1921, pp. 8-18. 



Heliozela aesella, Chamb., has only been found on Vitis cordifolia 

 in the vicinity of Cincinnati, but elsewhere it produces galls on various 

 species of grapes. The moths appear towards the end of April and early 

 May ; the galls develop at the beginning of June, and the larvae are 

 mature about the middle of that month. There is only one generation 

 a year. The larvae of Argyresthia undulatella, Chamb., mine in the 

 inner bark of the main trunk and branches of red elm ( Uhnus fulva) ; 

 the cocoons are spun early in April in a crevice of the bark. 



The new species described include : — Telphitsa agrifolia on California 

 live oak [Qiicrcus agrifolia) in California ; Rccnrvaria ceanothiella, 

 the larvae of which mine the leaves of Ceanothiis divaricatns in 

 California, the adult moths appearing from April to May ; and C. 

 duplicis, the larvae mining in seeds of Asier spp. and other Compositae. 



