173 



soil, variety of vine, date of harvest, rivalry of other species, and 

 natural enemies. The insect enemies of these pests are fairlj^ numerous, 

 but none of them can be reared and bred in sufficient numbers to act 

 as a control, and few of them are of any importance. 



The usual remedial measures are described, the use of bait-traps 

 being discouraged. 



Garbe (J.). La Lutte contre les Ennemis des Arbres fruitiers. [Reme- 

 dies against Fruit Tree Pests.] — Rev. Agric. Afr. Nord, Algiers, 

 xix, no. 78, 28th January 1921, pp. 77-78. 



The winter moth [Cheimatohia hrumata] is one of the principal pests 

 of orchards, and may be controlled by adhesive bands applied to the 

 trunks. These may be prepared by thoroughly mixing, while warm, 

 about 13| oz. of train oil scouring, 13^ oz. of fiish oil, and about 2 lb. 

 of colophane. The method of application is described. The bands 

 should be renewed every 8 to 10 days. 



Against the woolly aphis [Eriosoma lanigerum] lime-sulphur sprays 

 and kerosene emulsions are advocated, for which formulae are given. 



Wester (P. J.). The Cultivation and Uses of Roselle. — Philippine 

 Agric. Rev., Manila, xiii, no. 2, 1920, pp. 89-99, 5 plates. 



The insect enemies of roselle {Hibiscus sahdariffa), which is largely 

 cultivated in the Philippines, both as an ornament and for the sake 

 of the products derived from it, include the root-knot Nematode 

 Heterodera radicicola, for which a cheap and effective remed}^ has 

 not been found (it is therefore recommended that infested land 

 should not be planted with this crop) ; Dysdercus suturelkis (cotton- 

 stainer).. which sometimes appears on the ripening calices, but does 

 not seem to do much harm ; Aphids, which are easily controlled by 

 the application of tobacco dust ; and the scales. Coccus hesperidum 

 and Hemichionaspis aspidistrae. Mealybugs cause rather serious 

 damage, and infested plants should be torn up and burnt early in the 

 season. In Queensland the beetles, Nisotra hreweri, Jarv., Lagria 

 cyanea, Macl., and Rhyparida discopunchdata, Lea, are destructive 

 to the leaves, and may be controlled by arsenical sprays. 



Merino (G.). The Importance of Plant Quarantine Service in the 

 Philippines. — Philippine Agric. Rev., Manila, xiii, no. 2, 1920, 

 pp. 117-125. 



A plant inspection service for the Philippines was inaugurated 

 in 1915, in view of the necessity for preventing the entrance of further 

 such dangerous pests as the army worms, Prodenia lihira (littoralis) 

 and Spodoptera mauritia, which destroy from 15 to 20 per cent, of the 

 rice and maize in the provinces, red and black beetles, which destroy 

 23 per cent, of the coconut crop, and Thosea cinereomarginata and 

 Promecotheca cumingi (coconut leaf miner), which in some cases reduce 

 the production of coconuts by 60 per cent. This service, besides 

 plant inspection, undertakes the work of combating insect infestations, 

 and an advisory plant quarantine board has been formed. The 

 general working of the plant quarantine service is described, with the 

 method of procedure necessary for importing or exporting plants or 

 plant products. 



