335 



many as four generations in Florida, and each female lays some 300 

 to 500 eggs. Ants frequently accompany them and are a great 

 protection against enemies. P. lonaispmus (long-tailed mealy- 

 bug) attacks Citms. but is less widely distributed, is held more 

 in check by its natural enemies, and is less protected by ants. 

 It apparently prefers greenhouse plants, particularly palms, and 

 also attacks avocados, mangos and oleanders. P. bromeliae (pine- 

 apple mealy-bug) is occasionally found on Citrus, generally on 

 nursery stock or tender twigs, but prefers pineapple or banana. 

 P. nlpae (coconut mealy-bug) is abimdant on many tropical 

 plants in South Florida," preferring guava, palms and avocado in 

 nurseries. P. solani is found on the roots of cowpeas, peanuts and 

 ragweed, but is of little economic importance. Other minor pests 

 are P. saccharifoliae, found on sugar-cane in South Florida, P. virgatus 

 on oleander and other ornamental plants, and Ericoccus queycus on 

 oak or gallberry. Trionvmus quaintancei is widely distributed over the 

 State, and occurs on the roots of sumac during the entire year. 



A simple remedy against mealy-bugs is to wash them off the trees 

 with a spray of clear water, but a pressure of 200 to 250 lb. is necessary 

 for this to "be effective. If only a small sprayer is used, some strong 

 insecticide, such as 1 lb. whale-oil soap to 5 U.S. gals, of water, or an 

 oil insecticide about one-third or one-fourth stronger than is used for 

 whiteflies or scale-insects, should be employed, a second application 

 being given about two weeks after the first. After spraying the trees, 

 all ants' nests in the vicinity should be destroyed by thrusting into 

 them a piece of cotton saturated with carbon bisulphide, or by pouring 

 in a mixture of 4 oz. sodium cyanide to 1 U.S. gallon of water, 



A Spray Schedule for Citrus. — Qtrly. Bull. Florida State PI. Bd., 

 Gainesville, v, no. 3, April 1921, pp. 159-160. 



This schedule was issued as the result of a conference of entomolo- 

 gists and others. A list of 10 sprays is given for grape-fruit and oranges, 

 with materials, times of application and instructions for their use. 



Pettit (R. H.). Report o! the Entomological Section.— 5<S/A Ann. 

 Rept., 1918-19, Michigan State Bd. Agric. East Lansing, 1920, 

 pp. 270-272. [Received 4th May 1921.] 



Among unusual insects that occurred during the year under 

 report, the clover Jassid, Agallia sanguineolenta, destroyed as much as 

 three-fourths of the crop in some fields. The high, dry land in the 

 southern part of the State was the most severely infested. The 

 potato Jassid causing tip-burn [Empoasca mali] was abundant in the 

 late summer of 1918. Tip-burn did not occur when nicotine sulphate 

 sprays were employed before the leaf-hoppers acquired wings. As 

 the insects hibernate under rubbish, the destruction of all refuse in 

 late autumn, after the cold weather begins, is the best means of gaining 

 permanent control. Philaenus leucopthalmus var. fasciatus deposits 

 masses of spittle on clover in the fields, but does not seem to cause 

 any injury. The corn root-aphis [Aphis maidiradicis] was present in 

 unusual numbers owing to the upsetting of the normal crop rotation. 

 When maize is sown after spring-ploughed grass, this Aphid generally 

 appears in Michigan, because ants have established themselves in the 

 grass sod and later foster the Aphids. This unusual crop rotation 



