392 



needles. The pupal stage lasts from June to August, and after the 

 adults have emerged the needles begin to fall. 



Epidemic infestations occur only within certain areas, and the 

 damage in them is severe. Larval infestation has not been found 

 below 7,000 ft. elevation, and rarely above 9,000 ft. 



Hymenopterous parasites have been reared from prepupal larvae 

 and have been identified as belonging to the following genera, the last 

 four being represented by new species : — Angitia, Scambus, Epiiirus, 

 Copidosoma, Elachertus, Apantcles, Aeihecenis, Eutcles, and Habro- 

 cvtus, as well as an unidentified Eulophid. A small bird has also 

 been observed feeding on the adults during the flight period. 



As these natural enemies are not sufficient to control the pest, 

 artificial measures are recommended. A contact spray is the only 

 practicable one, as this may reach the exposed eggs and larvae before 

 the latter enter the tips of the needles. The felling of infested trees 

 is not advisable except in rare cases where a few infested trees threaten 

 a non-infested stand. 



The author suggests that money spent on protecting this species 

 of pine would be more advantageously used for cultivating other pines, 

 since P. murrayana is not desirable for park purposes and is of little 

 commercial value. 



Chopard (L.). Une Fourmi Exotique acclimatee dans le Midi de la 

 France. — Rev. Hist. Nat. App., Paris, lere Partie, ii, no. 5, May 

 1921, pp. 140-144. 



In view of the presence of Iridomyrmex humilis, Mayr (Argentine 

 ant) in the south of France [R.A.E., A, viii, 326; ix, 56], a brief 

 description is given of its life-history and the damage it causes. 



Maxson (A. C). Principal Insect Enemies of the Sugar Beet in the 

 Territories served by the Great Western Sugar Company. — Denver, 

 Col., Agric. Dept., Gt. Western Sugar Co, 1920, 157 pp., 30 figs., 

 9 plates. [Received 14th June 1921.] 



This work comprises a full list of the insect pests of sugar-beet 

 divided into root and leaf feeders ; these are dealt with in detail, and 

 remedial measures for them are given. A key is given for determining 

 insect injury, and a special chapter is devoted to the predaceous and 

 parasitic insects of the pests concerned. The appendices include a 

 useful list of the pests arranged under their popular names. 



MACLEOD (W. A.). Grasshopper Campaign, Saskatchewan. — Agric. 

 Gaz. Canada, Ottawa, viii, no. 3, May-June 1921, pp. 328-329. 



Preparations are being made in Saskatchewan and Alberta against 

 the possible outbreak of grasshoppers in 1921, and it is thought that 

 the areas where the insects were reported for the first time in 1920 

 will suffer more than localities in which they have been prevalent for 

 a longer period. The campaign of 1920 resulted in an enormous 

 saving of crops, and the organisation is to be continued. 



Sanders (G. E.). Insect Enemies o! the Potato and their Control. — 



Agric. Gaz. Canada, Ottaica, \'\\\, no. 3, May-June 1921, pp. 

 308-311. 



Spraying is the main factor in determining the yield of potato crops, 

 and results of experiments are given, proving it to be also the cheapest 

 method. 



