448 



crops were i)oorly developed. The pest was heavily attacked by 

 Coccinella scptempiinctata (seven-spotted ladylnrd), and Syrphfd 

 larvae, by Aphidius and other parasites, and by a fnngus, Empnsa 

 fyesenii. It appears that this pest is a new one in Hungary. 



It is possible that M. pisi will also attack peas, to which it causes 

 very severe damage in some years. In the third year of the war it 

 destroyed the equivalent of 984 tons of dried peas. 



The remedial measures recommended are the destruction of the 

 over-wintering eggs on the lucerne at the beginning or end of the winter. 

 The stubble should be harrowed and cleaned. The fields should be 

 well manured every year, as in Hungary lucerne is planted three or 

 four years running in the same held. All parasites and enemies 

 should be protected. Spraying is of little value. 



The following Coleoptera may also prove dangerous to lucerne : — 

 Gonioctena sexpunctata, Panz., Phytodecta fornicata, Briigg., Sub- 

 coccinella vigintiqiialiiorpunctata, L., and Epilachna globosa, Schneid. 

 The crop is usually attacked by the larvae of these pests after the 

 first mowing, and is occasionalh^ entirelj^ destroyed. 



Jablo-vowski (J.). A reti gyapjas pille kart^konysaga. [The Damage 

 caused to Agriculture by the Woolly Meadow-rnoth.] — Kiser- 

 letugyi Kozlemenyek, Budapest, xxiv, no. 1, 15th May 1921, 

 pp. 78-95, 1 fig, 2 graphs. 



Hvpogvmna morio, L. (woolly meadow moth) has been a pest in 

 Hungary since 1902. The eggs are laid at the base of different plants, 

 the larvae appear in June, and remain hidden throughout the winter in 

 the earth or under dead leaves. In April and May they cause the 

 most damage, eating the young shoots of the meadow grasses, so that 

 there is sometimes no pasture for grazing cattle. Ihey pupate in 

 May, and the adults emerge from the middle of May to the beginning 

 of June. There is only one generation a year. In severe outbreaks 

 this pest has been known to attack grain crops such as wheat and rye. 



Bush harrowing is recommended when the caterpillars are abundant. 

 Spraying has no effect. 



Jabloxowski (J.). Ismet a muszhahernyo. [The Larvae of the 



Russian Moth, Loxoskgc sticticalis, L.J — Koztelek, Budapest, 

 xxxi, no. 29, 16th July 1921, pp. 649-650. 



An outbreak, over the greater part of Hungary, of Loxostege sticti- 

 calls caused considerable damage in June and July to all kinds of 

 vegetable crops, sugar-beet, maize and lucerne. Ihe larvae of the 

 second generation were about to pupate in the middle of Jul}', while 

 some appeared to be dying of an infectious disease. 



Eggs are deposited on weeds growing between the cultivated plants. 

 The larvae feed on these weeds, then crawl to the plants or crops. 



Some farmers attempted to control this pest by means of burning, 

 digging, and spraj'ing with Paris green, and barium chloride, but 

 during these measures the larvae rapidly pupated, so it "is difficult to 

 judge the results. 



All weeds, particularly Chenopodium, Convolvulus and Cirsium, 

 on which this pest feeds before and during cultivation, should be 

 removed after larvae on them have been destroyed. Spraying with 

 Paris green or barium chloride is recommended. 



