513 



water. For large trees 8-10 gals, are necessary to cover every leaf, 

 and in spraying prunes the lower surface of the leaf should be wetted. 



The following is recommended for heavv infestation in cool weather : 

 2 U.S. gals, lime-sulphur (31°-33° Be.) on almonds (on prunes and 

 peaches 1 gal.), 3 lb. wet or 21b. dry flour paste. 51b. sulphur and 

 water to make 100 U.S. gals. ; 5 lb. dry lime-sulphur to 100 U.S. 'gals. 

 may be substituted for the liquid lime-sulphur solution. This 

 combination spray acts more quickly than sulphur alone. Lime- 

 sulphur solutions are caustic and should not be used at a temperature 

 above 100° F., unless it is unavoidable in cases of severe infestation. 



Dusting with dry sulphur has not been so successful in the last two 

 years, but it is quicker to apply except in windy weather. If a 10 per 

 cent, filler of hydrated lime or powdered kaolin is added, the sulphur 

 will flow more freely and be just as effective. More than 10 per cent, 

 of filler retards action. 



The citrus red spider, Tetranychus citri, McGregor, is occasionally 

 found on deciduous trees in the 'summer. The remedial measures are 

 similar to those for T. telariiis, except that spraying may have to be 

 done in May or June. The brown mite, Bryobia praetiosa, Koch 

 {pratensis, Garm.), frequents the leaf scars of the twigs. The winter is 

 passed in the egg-stage on the older twigs and fruit spurs. There is no 

 migration. The most effective measure is winter spraying with 12 or 

 15 gals, crude oil in 100 gals, spray mixture. Lime-sulphur solution 

 1 in 10 or dry Hme sulphur solutions are almost as efficient as crude 

 oil. They should be applied just before the blossoms appear ; the 

 oil spray 3 or 4 weeks earlier, and when there has. been no drought 

 or drying winds. Lime-sulphur solutions are of value as fungicides 

 and in controlhng Anarsia lineatella. Distillate oils prepared as 

 emulsions or miscible oils have proved inferior to crude oils. 

 Spring and summer measures are similar to those for T. telarius. 

 Dusting with sulphur proved valueless till summer temperatures 

 were reached. 



De Ong (E. R.) & WooDwoRTH (H. E.). A Co-operative Campaign 

 to save the Horse Bean Crop.— M^A/v. Bull. Cal. Dept. Agric, 

 Sacramento, x, nos. 5-6, May- June l"'921, pp. 199-203, 2 figs. 



Broad beans were very severely infested in 1918 by Bruchus 

 rufimanus. Late planting had been recommended as a remedial 

 measure, but was impracticable in many districts. In interior valleys, 

 beans planted in March result in a small crop, as in hot weather the 

 bloom is not fertilised, and in all districts late-planted crops are 

 liable to severe Aphid attacks. On the coast the planting date has 

 to be regulated by the rainfall. 



Fumigation experiments for seed beans and export stocks showed 

 that a minimum dosage of 10 lb. carbon bisulphide per 1,000 cu. ft. 

 with 24 hours' exposure was necessary for fumigation in air-tight 

 rooms. For freight cars and improvised rooms this was changed to 

 20 lb. for 48 hours' exposure. No appreciable injury to germination 

 occurred. Grinding infested beans in feed mills was found impractic- 

 able. Exposure of 4-5 hours at a temperature of 125° F. kills all the 

 beetles; quicker results are obtained with 150°-160° F., but 

 germination may be injured. 



