526 



having been devoted to the response of the larvae to various remedial 

 measures. 



Further experiments were made with tarred paper collars, which are 

 fully described, as are various substances that were coated on the 

 trunks to kill the larvae — paraffin, tree tanglefoot and gipsy moth 

 banding material being used. Before application all larvae were 

 removed from the tree, and the bark thoroughly cleaned and allowed 

 to dry. The last two did not insure complete control and may injure 

 the tree. 



Petersox (A.). Response of the Eggs of Aphis avenae, Fab., and 

 Aphis pomi, De G., to Concentrated Liquid Lime-sulphur, 

 Substitutes for Lime-sulphur and other Sprays, 1918-1919. — 



Rept. New Jersey Agric. Expt. Sta., 191S~19, New Brunsivick, 

 N. J., 1920, pp. 420-427, 5 figs. [Received 6th September 1921 .] 



During 1918-19 the eggs of Siphonaphis padi ( Aphis avenae) and 

 A. pomi were exceedingly abundant. Experiments were carried out 

 with concentrated liquid lime-sulphur, dry lime-sulphur, barium- 

 sulphur, sodium-sulphur, hydrated lime, miscible oil, nicotine, fish-oil 

 soap (paste), crude carbolic acid, and linseed and cotton-seed oil, and 

 the results are tabulated [cf. R. A.E., A, viii, 31]. The first of these is 

 the most effective, and it is thought that it would be still more so if 

 some substance could be added to reduce its high surface tension to 

 that of a soap solution. 



Peterson (A.). Some Notes on the Spreading Quahty of various 

 Contact Sprays. — Rept. New Jersey Agric. Expt. Sta., 1918-19, 

 New Brunswick, N.J., 1920, pp. 428-433, 2 tables. [Received 

 6th September 1921.] 



Tests to determine the spreading qualities of various contact sprays 

 against Aphid eggs showed that concentrated lime-sulphur (1 : 9) 

 with nicotine (1 : 500) is the most effective spray, but if its spreading 

 quahty could equal that of 2 lb. soap solution to 50 U.S. gals, water, 

 it would be far more effective. 



Casein-lime added to concentrated lime-sulphur, 1:9 or 1:6, 

 increases the efficiency of the spray and is made by thoroughly mixing 

 together 25 gm. of finely divided casein (lactic) and 25 gm. of lime. 

 No products have, hovi^ever, been found that lower the surface tension 

 and yet are practicable for orchard spraying. Soap added to miscible 

 oil increases the spreading quality but not the kiUing efficiency, while 

 soap added to sodium sulpho-carbonate does not increase its efficiency, 

 and the addition of fish-oil soap decreases it. A solution made by 

 boiling 25 gm. of dry sage-tea leaves ( Artemisia tridentata) for 1 hour in 

 500 cc. water, then filtering and testing, showed a reduction in the 

 surface tension when compared with water, and is better than 

 casein-lime, 1 gm. to 100 cc. 



Tests proved that the lowest surface tension for all soaps is obtained 

 between 1 gm. to 400 cc. and 1 gm. to 100 cc. For all soaps tested, 

 the lowest surface tension occurs at the rate of 1 gm. to 200 cc. (2 lb. 

 to 50 U.S. gals.). 



Beckwith (C. S.). Cranberry Investigations.^i^e/)/. New Jersey 



Agric. Expt. Sta., 191S-19, New BriinsiHck, N.J., 1920, 



pp. 447-459, 7 tables. [Received 6th September 1921.] 



The cranberry girdler [Cr ambus hortitellus] is the most serious 



pest attacking cranberries. The remedial measures are flooding 



