577 



brunnea, ¥., Cryptonhynchiis lapathi, L., and Pledrodera scalator, 

 F., and the twig-girdlers, Oncideres cingulata, Say, 0. texana, Horn, 

 and 0. putator, Thorn. ; the Rhynchota, Coryfhnca ciliata. Say, and 

 Leptocoyis trivittatus, Sdiy ; the scales, Chrysomphalus tenebricosus , 

 Comst., C. obscurus, Comst., Kermes pubescens, Bogue, Neolecanuim 

 cornuparvum, Thro., Eulecaninm {Lecanium) nigrofasciatum, Perg., 

 and Gossyparia spuria, Mod. ; and the Aphids, Periphyllus lyropictus, 

 Kess., P. negundinis, Thos., Macrosiphum liriodendri, Mon., Prociphilus 

 tessellattis, Fitch, P. imbricator , Fitch, and Phyllaphis fagi, L. Gall- 

 making insects include Eriosoma rileyi, Thos., Pemphigus populi- 

 transversus, Riley, and many other Aphids, Cecidomyiids and Psyllids. 

 A list is appended of shade-tree pests arranged according to the 

 food-plant and manner of attack. 



Craighead (F. C.) & Hofer (G.). Protection of Mesquite Cordwood 

 and Posts Jrom Borers. — U.S. Dept. Agric, Washington, D.C., 

 Farmers' Bull. 1197, May 1921, 12 pp., 17 figs. [Received 3rd 

 October 1921.] 



Mesquite [Prosopis] which in manj^ parts of the south-west is the only 

 available wood for general use, is subject to attack by various borers. 

 Those occurring in the vicinity of Tucson, Arizona, are : — Cyllene 

 antennat us. White {roxmd-hedidedi hoxex), Apatides fortis, Lee, Dendro- 

 biella aspera, I-ec, Xylobiops sp. and Chrysobothris octocola, Lee. 



A.fortis prefers wood that had been dry for several months, but the 

 other borers show a decided preference for freshl}^ cut wood for ovi- 

 position. The safest period for cutting the timber is from the middle 

 of October to the end of November ; it should not be stored longer 

 than a year. Where it is essential to cut the wood between March 

 and October, it should be laid on the ground in the sun and turned at 

 least twice, at intervals of about two weeks. Two turns in six weeks 

 are sufficient to kill the larvae or prevent attack, but this method can 

 only be used effectively between 1st April and 1st October. Wood 

 cut between October and January and loosely stacked so that it dries 

 quickly is usually little injured. These methods may also be applied 

 against Cyllene crinicornis, Chev., and Xylobiops spp. occurring in 

 Texas. 



LuGiNBiLL (P ) & Beyer (A. H.). Com Earworm as an Enemy of 

 Vetch. — U.S. Dept. Agric, Washington, D.C., Farmers' Bull. 

 1206, June 1921, 19 pp.', 13 figs. [Received 3rd October 1921.] 



The corn earworm [Heliothis obsoleta] is one of the worst pests of 

 vetch in the south Atlantic States. Remedial measures include 

 spraying with 1 lb. lead arsenate (powder form) to 50 U.S. gals, 

 water, and dusting with lead arsenate, 1 lb. Paris green with 3 lb. 

 freshly slaked lime, or calcium arsenate. The latter may be used 

 undiluted if it contains not more than f per cent, water-soluble 

 arsenic ; otherwise it should be diluted with lime. Poison baits, 

 consisting of 50 lb. wheat bran, 1 lb. Paris green or white arsenic, 

 2 U.S. gals, cheap molasses, 3 to 4 U.S. gals, water and 6 chopped 

 oranges or lemons, are also effective [cf. R. A.E., A, vii, 105.] 



The chief parasite of H. obsoleta on vetch is the Tachinid, Winthemia 

 quadripustnlata ; but it is also destroyed by various birds, including 

 domestic fowls. Toads are commonly found in infested vetch fields, 

 and devour a large number of the caterpillars , 



(4873) 2 Q 



