4 FIRST ANNUAL EEPOET OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



on the apple tree above one hundred and sixty species are now known 

 to occur.* Fifty-two species of Tineidce alone are recorded upon the 

 oak, by far the larger number of which are leaf-miners.f 



Perliaps the extent to which the depredations of a single insect may 

 extend cannot be better illustrated than by reference to the grape 

 phylloxera — Phylloxera vitifoUcB (Fitch), a minute insect, belonging 

 to the family of Aphididce, or plant-lice. The earliest notice of this 

 species was that given by Dr. Fitch, in the year 1855, who briefly no- 

 ticed it under the name of Pemphigus vitifolice, as forming small galls 

 on the margin of the leaves of some grape-vines, in Washington 

 county, N. Y.l By some means the species was carried to Europe, and 

 it was detected in France, in 1868, by Prof. Planchon, infesting the 

 roots of grape-vines. Believing it to be an uudescribed species, it was 



Fig. 1.— Sexed Phylloxeras: — a, iemuXe v it i folia, ventral view, showing egg through 

 transparent skin ; 6, dorsal view ; c, greatly enlarged tarsus; 6?, shrunken anal joints, as 

 they appear after oviposition; e, male P. canjcecaulis, dorsal view. The dots in circles indi- 

 cate the natural size. 



*In the Appendix (B.) will be found a listofthe apple-tree insects of the United States 

 as far as I have noted them. It contains one hundred and seventy-six species. Although 

 quite incomplete, it is published at this time in order to invite additions by those vvho may 

 discover omitted species. I purpose, as soon as practicable, to present a report on our 

 apple-tree insects, which shall contain notices of all of our known species, with figures il- 

 lustrating them as far as possible, together with the most effectual methods for preventing 

 their injuries. 



\(yn^rci\i^v^ Food-plants of Tineina— Bull. U. S. Geolog.-Geograph. Surv. Terr., iv, 1878, 

 pp. 119, 120. 



XTransaotions of the Neiu York State Agricultural Societi/ tor 1854, vol. xiv, 1855, p. 862. 



