THE APPLE-TREE CASE-BKARER : NOTICE OF INJURIES. 



163 



Coleophora nialivorella Riley. 

 The Apple-free case-hearer. 



(Ord. LEPIDOPTERA : Fam. TINEIDiE.) 

 Rtley: in Ann. Kept. Commis. Agricul. for 1878, (1879), pp. 208,253,254, pi. 



vii, f. 1 (description, natural history, etc): also, the same in Hept, of 



the Entomol., Aug. 1879. pp. 3, 48, 49, pi. vii, f. 1. 

 CnAMBiSKS : in Bull. U. S. Q.-d. Surv. Terr., iv, 1878, p. 93 (as C. viuUipulvella, 



auct. Walsingliam). 

 LiNTNEK : in 39th Ann. Kept. N. Y. St. Agricul. Sec. for 1879, (1880), p. 52, figs. 



ii-d (history, etc.) ; in Count. Gent. , July 6, 1882, xlvii. p. 533. 

 Barnard: in Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci. , xsviii, 1880, p. 477, pi. "Insect 



Habits," f. 8 (case not identified). 

 Walsingham : in Trans. Amer. Eut. Soc, x, 1882, p. 194 (synonymy, etc.). 



This species has recently proved quite destructive to apple-trees in a 

 portion of Pennsylvania, adjoining the western boundary of New York, 

 wliere it has entirely destroyed the leaves of many trees. The first 

 public notice that wo have of it is that of Professor Piley, in his An- 

 nual Report as Entomologist o.f the U. S, Department of Agriculture, 

 in 18T9, where its history is given, partly from actual observation, and 

 in part drawn from the known habits of a closely allied European 

 species, C. anatipenncUa. 



The Several Stages of the Insect. 

 The new depredator is the larva of a small moth belonging to the 

 family of TineidcB. The caterpillar, shown at h in the accompanying 



figure ( its natural 

 size indicated by the 

 hair-line beside it), 

 is about one-sixth of 

 an inch in length, of 

 a yellowish color, 

 with a large black 

 head, its legs yellow 

 and tipjied w i t li 

 black, and its last 

 two segments covered 

 with brown granu- 

 lations and bearing 



Fig. 44. — The apple-tree case-bearer, Coleophora malivor- SOmcloug hairs. The 

 Ei.LA. — a, a, a, the cases containing the liirvie, shown in natural .•, i^ A i- 



size; I, larva, enlarged; c, pupa, enlarged; d, the moth, cu- mOtU rcpreseniea aC 

 larged. (Riley). ^^ ^^j^j.^^ ^imCS the 



natural size) is about one-half of an inch in expanse ; its pointed and 

 long-fringod wings are mouse-colored, with some white scales near the 

 base. The tip of the abdomen and the legs are white. The pupal 



