THE ROOT-FLY : BIBLIOGRAPH AND EARLY HISTORY. 191 



and that its use, as above recommended, promises to be the cheapest 

 and most desirable means that can be made practicable on all occa- 

 sions. (Canad. Bniomol.,xu\, 1881, p. 190.) 



Anthomyia radicnm Linn. 



The Rnoi-fly. 



Ord. DIPTERA: Fam. ANTHOMYIIDyE. 



LlNN^Us : "Faun. Suec, Ed. ii, 1761, p. 75, no. 18-10. Syst. Nat., xiied., ii, 1767, 

 p. 992, no. 79." 



Weidemann : in Zoological Magazine, i, p. 87 {A. brassicce, but according to Meade 

 is A. radicum). 



Curtis : Farm Insects, 1860, p. 143, f. 26, nos. 4, 5 (brief description). 



Fitch : Eleventh Rept. Ins. N. Y., in Trans. N. Y. St. Agricul. Soc. for 1866, 

 xxvi, 1867, p. 497 (compared with A. hrassiccn). 



Glover : in Ann. Rept. Commis. Agricul. for 1872, (1874), p. 134 (food-plants); 

 MS. Notes Journ. — Dipt., 1874, p. 3, pi. 10, f. 9 (references, etc.). 



Packarb : in Hayden's Ninth Rept. G.-G. Surv. Terr., 1877, pi. 63, f. 2 (imago 

 only). 



Riley: in First Ann. Rept. Q. S. Ent. Commis. for 1877, (1878), p. 288, f. 22 (im- 

 ago only). 



Hagen : in Canad. Entomol., xiii, 1881, p. 48 (identified by Meade). 



Ormerod : Manual Inj. Ins. [1881], p. 33, fig. 4 on p. 31 (brief notice). 



Meade ; in Entomol. Month. Mag., xix, 1882, p. 32 (general features). 



As this European species has been referred to in the notice of the 

 preceding species, as a closely allied and possibly an identical form, a 

 brief notice of it will be proper here, particularly as it is known to 

 occur in the United States,* although no injuries have as yet been 

 traceable to it. 



Described and Noticed in Europe. 



The species was originally described by Linnaeus in the year 1761, in 

 his Fauna Suecica, ed. ii, p. 75, no. 1840, as Musca radicum, — nearly 

 all of the flies known to this distinguished Naturalist, having been ar- 

 ranged by him in the four genera of Tipula, Musca, Tahanus and Culcx. 



It does not appear to have been numbered among the more destruct- 

 ive species of Europe. Mr. Kollar, in his well-known volume, pre- 

 pared under the authorization of the Empferor Francis I, of Austria, 

 and command for its speedy execution, in the examination of, and 

 report upon, " the most important enemies of the agriculturist," does 

 not include this insect while noticing the onion-fly, the cabbage-fly 

 and the lettuce-fly [Antliomyia lactucarui7i Bouche). 



*Meade: Unt. Month. Mag., xiv, 1878, p. 252. 



