^7 



be niisijifoctcd is attaiiiod wluui the luiiii^aiioji, (■lianilxT coniaius 

 12 por cent, of the gas as measured by a densitouiel-i^r placed in the 

 uppermost zone. Fumigation must be continued for 30 minutes 

 at 12 per cent, strength, and a longer period is unnecessary. The 

 books must first be removed from their shelves and their leaves separ- 

 ated ; they must be brushed and then replaced in such a manner 

 as to allow the gas free access to all portions. To facilitate this an 

 apparatus is reconunended by means of which a book may be slung 

 on wires from the top and bottom of its back, which is then upper- 

 most. To prevent discolouration of the pages a very necessary pre- 

 caution must be taken before fumigating books standing on shelves. 

 This consists in covering the top of the book with a sheet of paper 

 projecting on all sides. Sulphurous anhydride must not be used for 

 very damp books or rooms, since in the presence of water it produces 

 sulphuric acid, which is destructive to paper. 



Staeger (R.). Aus dem Leben der Larve von Pontania vesicator, 

 Bremi. [Notes on the Larva of Pontania vesicator.'] — Rev. 

 Suisse ZooL, Geneva, xxvii, no. 9, October 1919, pp. 333-346. 



A description is given of the process of feeding in the galls and the 

 formation of the cocoons of Pontania vesicator, Bremi, which infests 

 leaves of Salix daphnoides in the vicinity of Berne. This sawfly 

 pupates in the ground. 



LiCHTENSTEiN (J. L.). Notes biologiques sur les Hym6nopt6res 

 m6diterran6ens. 2e ^ote. -Bull. Soc. Entom, France, Paris, 

 1919, no. 15, 8th October 1919, pp. 270-275. 



This list includes the Ichneumonids, Xylononius jyropinquus, Tschek., 

 the presence of which in Herault has been confirmed by its being found 

 in Hesperophayies griseus, F., from fig-trees, and Ischnocerus rusticus, 

 Fourcr. {flicornis, Kriechb.), which has been recorded from various 

 Cerambycid hosts and which the author has bred from larvae of Rhagiutn 

 mordax, DeG. Chalcidids include the Torymid, Philotrypesis caricae, 

 Hass., found for the first time in France in Ficus carica, L., though 

 this species may have existed for a long time in wild figs, as does 

 Blast ophaga psenes, L. Torymus tipulariarum, Zett., is a parasite of 

 Cecidomyids, found in dipterous galls on willow and in the deforma- 

 tions caused by Asphondylia verhasci on Verhascum sinuatum. Indi- 

 viduals from Salix alba were obtained in April and from Verhascum 

 in October ; perhaps this denotes a change in seasonal occurrence 

 due to the absence of one of the hosts. T. viridis, Forst., has been 

 taken in Montpellier from galls of Rhodites eglanteriae, Hart., from 

 which it emerges in April ; T. artemisiae, Mayr, was taken from galls 

 of Cecidomyia artemisiae, Lw. ; T. viridissimus. Boh., was bred from 

 oak-galls produced by Bio rrhiza pallida, 01. ; Cleonymus depressus, F., 

 emerges in October from branches of nut trees containing larvae of 

 Gracilia minuta, F. ; Eupelmella degeeri, Dalm., has a number of 

 hosts and was taken in Montpellier from larvae of a Trypetid 

 {Myopites 1) ; Pseudocatolaccus asphondyliae, Masi, was taken in 

 October from flowers of Verbascum deformed by Asphondylia verbasci, 

 Vallot ; and Stenomesius rufescens (Rossi) Th., is parasitic upon 

 flemerophila (Simaethis) nemorana, Hb., in fig-trees. 



