Ross (VV. A.). The Pear Psylla in Ontario.— 4M Ann. Rept. Entom. 

 Soc. Ontario 1918 ; Toronto, 1919, pp. 81-90, 9 figs. [Received 

 28tli October 1919]. 



The life-history of the pear psylla {Psylla pyricola) is reviewed atid 

 tlie various stages are described, together with recommendations for 

 control [A.E.R.^A, vii, 129]. 



CoNRADi (A. F.). Report of the Entomology Division. — 31st Ann. 

 Rept. South Carolina Exp. Sta., Clemson College, S.C., November 

 1918, pp. 27-33. [Received 14th October, 1919.] 



The investigations on the life-cycle of the wireworm [Melanotus 

 sp.] that had been begun three years previously have besn continued. 

 The principal food-plant is maize, but many other crops, a list of 

 which is given, have been attacked under laboratory conditions. 



The chief injury is caused by the larvae boring into the seed, which 

 is frequently completely gnawed out ; the young stalks and larger 

 roots may also be attacked. The eggs are probably deposited during 

 July and August, the beetles being most numerous and active at 

 this time. The larvae burrow into the soil to the depth of about 

 6 to 8 inches, where they remain until about March and then return 

 to maize as soon as it is planted. Oats planted on infested areas in 

 1916 were not attacked. The larvae moult at irregular intervals, 

 the average period between moults under laboratory conditions 

 being about 50 days. The number of instars has not yet been deter- 

 mined. Pupation occurs in an earthen cell and extends over an 

 average period of about fourteen days under cage conditions. The 

 adults emerge towards the end of June. Porous black clay soils are 

 most heavily infested, especially if filled with decayed vegetable 

 matter to a depth of six to eight inches and having a stifE blue clay 

 subsoil which cracks during drought. These soils are very acid. 

 High-lying sandy soils are rarely infested. 



Owing to the acidity of the soil liming was tried as a remedial measure, 

 but the result was a failure. The various repellents with which the 

 seed was treated before planting also proved useless. The infested 

 area has now been drained by means of tiles placed 100 feet below the 

 surface [sic], but the effect of this has not yet been ascertained. 



HuKKiNEN (Yrjo). Om Rapsbaggen (Meligethes aeneus, Fabr.) och 

 dess Avvarjande. [On Meligethes aeneus, ¥., and Control Measures 

 against it.] — Meddelanden till Landtmdn no. 58 fran AgrikuUur- 

 ekonomiska Forsoksanstalten i Finland, Entom. avdeln., Helsingfors, 

 8 pp., 6 figs., 1919. 



Meligethes aeneus is the worst enemy of cruciferous plants grown 

 for seed in Finland, and since 1897 it has been mentioned almost 

 every year in the annual reports on noxious insects. The beetles 

 hibernate when full-grown, and appear very early in spring, gnawing 

 holes in the flower-buds of cruciferous plants and devouring the 

 stamens and pistils. The eggs are afterwards deposited in any buds 

 left uninjured by the adults and the larvae in the course of their 

 development completely destroy the young ovaries. At the beginning 

 of July the larvae are kill-grown and enter the ground in which they 



