197 



■ eaten for food. Under the insects used in medicine, all the species 

 are included that are believed to have any efficacy in respect of disease, 

 a great majority of them being merely edible species to which curative 

 virtues are attributed. Both groups are arranged systematically ; 

 in the former, the method of cooking, and in the latter, the preparation, 

 and the diseases against which they are used, are recorded. 



In the case of supposed medicinal insects, it is recommended that 

 each one should be scientifically tested as to its value, without rejecting 

 it outright as an instance of superstition. 



The food insects include : — Ephemerids, such as may-fly larvae ; 

 dragon-flies, both larva and imago ; various Orthoptera, including 

 Mantids, locusts, and crickets ; Ehynchota, including the egg-masses 

 of Belostoma ; numerous Lepidoptera, including the larvae of the rice- 

 borers {Chilo simplex, Butl, and Schoenohius incertellus, Wlk.), and 

 the pupae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, L. ; among Coleoptera, various 

 Cerambycid, Curcuhonid, and Hydrophihd larvae and the imagines 

 of the Dytiscid, Cybister japonicus, Sharp ; among Hymenoptera, 

 the larvae and pupae of Yespid, Scohid and Sphegid wasps and the 

 larvae of Bombus. 



The long hst of insects used in medicine includes representatives of 

 all the natural orders. 



Maki (M.) & RiN (G.). Mokumao no Tengyu Kujo Shiken (Dai ichi 

 Hokoku). [Experiments in preventing Cerambycid Attacks on 

 Casuarina stricta.] Report I. — Ringyo-Shikenjo Hokohi [Report 

 Forest Expt. Station], Taipe, Formosa, no. 6, pp. 109-113. 



Casuarina stricta, which is a very useful tree in Formosa, is much 

 attacked by various injurious insects, of which a scale, Icenja purc/iasi, 

 Mask., and a Cerambycid, Melanauster chinensis, Forst., are the most 

 formidable. Experiments were made by the authors for controlling 

 the latter. As the beetles oviposit from April to July, the eggs can 

 be crushed and destroyed by inspecting the forest at least once a month. 

 This method is also very useful when the larvae are first hatched, as 

 they usually remain for more than three weeks under the bark without 

 entering deeper into the wood. In order to kill the larvae the infested 

 area must first be detected by the presence of excrement, and strippino- 

 off a piece of the bark suffices and does no harm to the tree. One man 

 can treat 250 trees a day in this manner. Covering the trunk with the 

 leaves of the fan palm, Livistona chinensis, also gave good results, 

 70 or 80 trees a day being treated in this way by one man. 



Maki (M.). Taiwan Mamehanmyo ni kwansuru Chiken. [Note 

 on the Formosan Bhster-beetle.] — Ringyo-Shikenjo Hokoku 

 [Report Forest Expt. Station], Taipe, Formosa, no. 6, pp. 11-5-128, 

 1 plate. 



The Formosan bUster-beetle, Epicauta hirticornis, Haag (?), attacks 

 cultivated plants such as Glycine hispida, Solanum melongena, 

 Amarantus gangeticus and Corchorus capsnlaris ; and wild plants such 

 as Clerodendron paniculatum, C. cyrtophyllum. Samhucus javanica, 

 Ehretia macrophylla, Canavalia lineata, Amarantus mangostanus and 



