255 



Many questions still remain unsolved with regard to these beetles ; 

 these include the development "en masse " in North Germany in spite 

 oL a mean temperature below 7° C. [44'^ F.J, and the reason for the 

 appearance of broods of the chief races in adjoining localities. 



DE ViN (T. J.). Een Waarneming betreffende de Pimpelmees (Parus 

 coendeus). [An Observation regarding the Titmouse.] — Tijdschr. 

 Plonlenziekten, Wageningcn, xxvi, no. 3, March 1920, p. 109. 



An observation of the destruction by Parus coenileas of the larvae 

 of the prune beetle, MagdaUs {Magdalinus) pruni, L. {ruficornis, L.), 

 infesting dead branches of damson is recorded. 



KiEFFER (J. J). C^cidomyies habitant les Fruits des Coniferes. — 

 Broteria, Braga, Ser. Zool, xviii, no. 1, 1st February 1920, 

 pp. 14-22. [Received 20th April 1920.] 



l^p to the present 5 species of Cecidomyiids have been recorded in 

 Europe from pine cones, Peirisia strobi, Winn., being the earliest 

 known and the most widely distributed. 



In this paper P. sfrobi is re-described. It has been recorded from 

 France, G ermany and Hungary. Descriptions are given of the 

 following new species, all from cones of Picea excelsa near Munich : — 

 Coprod/iplosis coni ; Lestodiplosis holstei, allied to L. septcmgiiUala, 

 Kieflp., and the larvae of which probably parasitise those of Perrlsia 

 strobi ; Clinodiplosis piceae ; Camptomyia strobi ; and Winnertzia 

 conorum. 



KiMURA (K.) k Takakura (Y.). Hidara Chugai Yobo ni Kwaiisuru 



Kenkyu. [Researches on controlUng Insects injurious to Dried 

 Cod.} Suisankoshijo Shiken Hokoku. [Experiment Report of 

 the Fishery Institute], Tokyo, xv, no. 1, 8th July 1919, 

 pp. 1-32, 3 plates. 



Dried cod-fish is seriously attacked in Japan by injurious insects, 

 especially from July to September. The flesh is attacked in preference 

 to the skin. The chief insects concerned are the beetles, Dennestes 

 vulpiims, F., and D. cadaverinvs, Oliv. The former species prefers 

 lightly salted material and dark places. The winter is passed in all 

 stages. 0^^position occurs at intervals of from 1 to 5 days and in each 

 case 3 20 eggs are laid ; after five or more ovipositions the adult dies. 

 The larval stage lasts about 50 days, there being 6 moidts, and the 

 pupal stage from 5-12 days. The eggs hatch in 3-12 days according 

 to the temperature. They are laid in the fish or in the cracks, etc., in 

 store- houses. 



The larvae and adults are easily detected, and even eggs, if carefully 

 looked for, may be found with the naked eye. Fumigation of the 

 dried fish with carbon bisulphide and with hydrocyanic-acid gas in the 

 store-houses is also very effective. Heating however seems to be 

 the best method at present. One hour at 60'' C. [140° F.] is sufficient 

 to exterminate all stages. Measures against the entry of the insect 

 into the store-houses should also be carefully considered. The dried 

 fish has hitherto been conveyed simply tied in bundles with 



