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Farther observations have been made in connection with Lepidopterous 

 pests of fruit and the following insects have been identified : Eucosma 

 o:^ellana, Argyroploce consanguinana, Tortrix {Cacoecia) rosaceana, 

 Mineola tricolorella and Enarmonia {Laspeijre»ia) jirunivora. An 

 apple-tree bark-beetle, Magdalis sp., caused conspicuous injury 

 to foliage. Females were observed excavating egg-chambers at 

 the base of buds of the previous year's growth after mating in June. 



In connection with observations on fire blight [Bacillus amylovorus] 

 distributors the majority of the trials proved negative, but Empoasca 

 mail, Aphis pomi {mali) and Lygus pratensis have been proved to 

 distribute the disease. Ants, honey bees, apple Aphids, bark-beetles 

 and Elaterids are responsible for the early spring distribution of the 

 disease. Of the Elaterids, Cardiophorus fenestratus was observed 

 feeding on blight exudate on stumps of pear trees, and Corymbites 

 Jallax and G. inflatus were both found on apple trees and the latter also 

 on lupins. The rose leaf-hopper, Empoa rosae, appeared in abundance, 

 but has not been proved a carrier of bhght. If this pest is not properly 

 controlled on rose bushes, nicotine sulphate and soap should be applied 

 to the lower surface of apple leaves in July when the nymphs appear. 

 Observations on the life-history of the strawberry root weevil, 

 Otiorrhynchus ovatus, show that the adults are parthenogenetic and 

 that hibernating individuals deposit eggs in the spring. The raspberry 

 crown borer, Permisetia (Bembecia) marginata, is recorded on raspberries 

 and loganberries. Experiments for its control are being made. Other 

 fruit pests include the loganberry leaf-hopper, Empoasca sp., which 

 was successfully controlled by a nicotine and soap spray ; the rasp- 

 berry maggot, Phorbia rubivora ; the strawberry crown borer, Aristotelia 

 fragariae ; and Acgeria {Synanthcdon) rutilans. Experiments are still 

 in progress to prove the efficacy of poison-baits for the currant fruit 

 fly, Epockra canadensis. 



Further experiments with poison-baits for the onion maggot, 

 Hylemyia antiqua, show that they do not apparently check oviposition. 

 Probably three generations occur during the year, but accurate notes 

 have not yet been obtained as regards the third generation. 



Against Phorbia brassicae attacking cauliflowers, mercury bichloride 

 in three treatments at 1 to 1,000 proved superior to the use of tarred 

 paper disks, although the latter method successfully reduced the 

 infestation of cabbages to 5 per cent. 



Noctuid larvae associated with a common plant, Chrysothamnus 

 sp., have been found to be attacked by a fungus, Entomophthora 

 tnegaspermum, and this may prove of economic importance in the 

 control of cutworms. 



The locusts reported from various localities include : Camnula 

 pellucida, Melanophis atlantis and M. femur-rubrum. Parasites and 

 predaceous enemies of locusts include Asilids, BombyHids, Tachinids, 

 Sarcophagids, Epicauta maculata and a mite, Trombidium locustarum. 



Miscellaneous insects of economic interest include the western 

 tussock moth, Heyncrocampa vetusta gulosa, which defoHated Douglas 

 fir and western yellow pine ; the Pentatomid bug, Apateticus crocatus, 

 which destroyed tent caterpillars and the oak looper, Ellopia somniaria ; 

 the tent-caterpillars, Malacosoma pluvialis and M. erosa ; the Syrphid 

 fly, Eumerus strigatus, which proved injurious to onions ; the apple 

 fruit miner, Marmara pomonella, Busck. 



(692) a2 



