351 



number of big buds the following winter. A second spraying at 

 summer strengtli (1 in 30) did not produce any increased efliicieucy. 

 The success of this treatment can only be assured by repeating it for 

 some years. 



Petherbridge (F. R.). Potato Spraying Trials in the Cambridge- 

 shire Fens, 1919.— J/. iMmistn/ Ayric, London, xxvii, no. 3, 

 . June 1920, pp. 282-286. 



In the course of this paper on spraying for potato bUght with 

 Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures, it is remarked that, after a period 

 of hot dry weather, the leaves of potatoes may be attacked by Aphids, 

 and are then liable to become scorched when sprayed. It is suggested 

 that this scorching is due to the entrance of the spray into the punctures 

 caused by the Aphids. Until this question is settled by experiment, 

 growers are w^arned that by spraying in hot dry w^eather, when the 

 fohage is attacked by Aphids, they risk damage to the crop through 

 scorching. 



Warburton (C). Annual Report for 1919 of the Zoologist. — Jl. R. 



Agric. Soc. England, London, Ixxx, 1919, pp. 411-417. [Received 

 28th June 1920.] 



No new pests of great importance were recorded, but an outstanding 

 feature of 1919 was the great abundance of caterpillars, especially on 

 fruit trees, in early summer, and the numerous complaints of attack by 

 Aphids on every kind of farm crop late in the season. Of cereals, 

 barley was attacked by gout-fly [Chlorops taeniopus], wheat, in a less 

 degree than in 1918 [R.A.E., A, vii, 442], by wheat bulb-fly [Hglemyia 

 coarctafa], and oats and winter wheat by frit-fly [Oscinella frit], while 

 wireworms and leather-jackets also caused damage. Grass was badly 

 damaged by cockchafer grubs [Melolontha] in one locahty. Potatoes 

 suffered to a small igxtent from Aphids, the eelworm {Heterodera 

 schachtii), and in Wales and the Midlands from the stem-boring 

 surface caterpillar, Gortyna {Hydroecia) micacea. Winter and spring 

 sown beans suft'ered equally from the black aphis [AjMs rumicis], 

 wliich caused considerable damage, but was very erratic in incidence. 

 Peas and beans were considerably infested with pea thrips [Kajcotkrijjs 

 jnsivora] and to a small extent by Sitones weevils, pea midge [Contarinia 

 j)isi] and pea moth [Cydia nigricana], while in stored beans there were a 

 few cases of Bruchid beetles. Mangels were attacked by Aphids {Aphis 

 rumicis), the pigmy beetle [Atomaria liiiearis] and millipedes ; turnips 

 by surface caterpillars, wireworms, the turnij) fly [Pkyllotreta nemorum] 

 and the turnip seed beetle [Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis]. The chief 

 cabbage pests were the usual caterpillars, together wdth root-fly maggot 

 [PJiorbia brassicae] and gall weevil [Ceathorrhynchus pleurostigma]. 

 Carrot-fly [Psila rosae] and onion-fly [Hylemyia antiqua] were 

 destructive, though onions sown with parsley escape the latter. 

 Asparagus beetle [Crioceris asparagi] and celery-fly [Acidia heradei] 

 were also noticed. 



Fruit trees were attacked by an unusually large number of insects. 

 Unhanded orchards sufiered severely from mnter moth (Cheimatobia 

 hrumata) ; but it is pointed out that banding in the autumn is 

 ineffective except against moths with wingless females, and spraying 



