352 



with arsenic in the spring should be adopted where the proportion 

 of the caterpillars of such moths is small. There were severe 

 infestations by caterpillars of the lackey moth [Malacosoma neustria] 

 in various locahties on fruit and other trees. Banding was useful 

 to intercept caterpillars migrating from defohated trees to fresh 

 ones. Aphid attack on fruit trees was almost universal and at times 

 very destructive. Of the various insects mentioned as attacking 

 forest trees the oak tortrix [Tortrix viridanci] was the most noticeable. 



BtJCHER (H.). Die Heuschreckenplage und ihre Bekarapfung. [The 

 Locust Plague and its Control.] — Monogr. no. 3 zur angew. Entom., 

 Beiheft zur Zeitschr. f. angew Entom., Berlin, v, no. 1, 1918, 

 274 pp., 11 maps, 20 plates, 33 figs. [Received 19th April 1920.] 



The campaign against locusts undertaken by a number of German 

 and Turkish scientists during the war is described ; the work was 

 carried out under the direction of the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture 

 and with the aid of the military authorities [R.A.E., A, vi, 341 ; vii, 

 161]. The organisation of the campaign in various districts during 

 1916-1917 is described. The remedial measures are divided into 

 physical, chemical and biological, all of which must be based on a 

 careful study of the life-history of the pest. Natural enemies such 

 as insects and fungus diseases are also dealt with, but are not considered 

 of much importance in the destruction of locusts. Owing to their 

 natural avoidance of shaded, cool places such as forests, it is suggested 

 that a belt of trees round cultivated areas might be worth consideration 

 as a protection against invasion by travelling swarms. The biology 

 of Dociostaurus {Stauronotus) maroccanus, Thunb., is dealt with at 

 length by Dr. W. La Baume. 



Although the remedial measures here discussed were apphed 

 primarily against D. maroccanus in Anatolia and Syria, they may be 

 equally well used against Schistocerca peregrina. 



ZwEiGELT (F.). Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Saugphanomens der 

 Blattlause und der Reaktionen der Pflanzenzellen. [Contribu- 

 tions to a Knowledge of the Suction Phenomena in Aphids and 

 the Reactions of Plant Cells.] — Centralbl. Bakt., Parasii. u. 

 Infektionskr., Jena, lite Abt., xhi, no. 10-14, 12th October 1914, 

 pp. 265-335, 2 plates, 7 figs. [Received 7th May 1920.] 

 The contents of this paper are indicated by its title. 



Krausse (A.). Ein automatischer, quantitativ arbeitender Fangap- 

 parat zum Studium der Insekten- und Milben-fauna des Boders, 

 speziell fur pflanzenpathologische und bodenkundliche Unter- 

 suchungen. [An Automatic Collector of large Capacity for the 

 Study of Underground Insects and Mites with special Reference 

 to Soils and Plant Pathology.] — Centralbl. Bakt., Parasit. u. 

 Infektionskr., Jena, lite Abt., xliv, no. 17-23, 10th December 

 1915, pp. 663-665, 2 figs. [Received 7th May 1920.] 

 An apparatus for separating insects and other living organisms 

 from large quantities of earth or debris for scientific purposes is des- 

 cribed. The mechanism is very simple, the main principle being that 

 the insects etc. are driven by means of heat towards the centre where 

 they fall through a sieve into a collecting jar. 



