353 



ZwEiGELT (F.). Blattlausgallen, unter besonderer Berucksichtigung 

 der Anatomie und Aetiologie. [Aphid Galls with special Con- 

 sideration of their Anatomy and Aetiology.] — Centmlbl. Baht., 

 Parasit., u. Infektionskr., jerm, lite. Abt., xlvii, no. 16-22, 

 8th October 1917, pp. 408-535, 32 figs. [Received 7th May 

 1920.] 



The Aphid- produced galls occurring on plants are dealt with, and 

 the pathological changes occurring in the plant owing to Aphid injury 

 are discussed. The type of gall formation is determined by the re- 

 action of the plant-cells to certain gall-producing irritants irrespective 

 of the number of parasites. 



ScHWANGART (F.). Ueber Rebenschadlinge und -ntitzlinge. V. Die 

 Schlupfwespen der Traubenwickler. Zuchtergebnisse. [Insects 

 injurious and beneficial to the Vine. V. The Hymenopterous 

 Parasites of the Vine Moths, Breeding Results.] — Ccntralbl. Bakt., 

 Parasit. u. Infektionskr., lite Aht, Jena, xlviii, no. 24-25, 28th 

 November 1918, pp. 543-558. [Received 7th May 1920.] 



This paper contains evidence in support of, and additions to the 

 author's previous results relating to the Hymenopterous parasites of 

 Clysia anibiguella, Hb., and Polychrosis botrana, Schiff. It includes 

 the following list of such parasites as were bred by the author himself : — 

 IcHNEUMONiNAE. Iclineumon deoeptor ; Platylabus dimidiatus : 

 Dicaelotus fusillator ; Cinxaelotus erythrogaster. Cryptinae. Habro- 

 cryptus alternator ; Gambrus infermis ; Hemiteles areator ; H. dubius ; 

 R. Jiemipterus ; H. nigriventris ; H. pulchellus ; H. taschenbergi. Pim- 

 PLINAE. Lissonota carbonaria ; Pimpla alternans ; P. calobata ; 

 P. examinator ; P. sagax ; P. strigip>leuris ; P. terebrans ; P. turionellae. 

 Ophioninae. Agrypon flaveolatum ; Eulimneria crassifemur ; Omorgus 

 abbreviatus ; 0. difformis ; Mesochorus semirnfus. Tryphontnae. 

 Exochus tibialis ; E. notatus. Braconidae. Rhogas tristis ; Asco- 

 gaster quadridentatus ; Microplitis tuberculifera. Chalcididae. 

 Eurytoma rosae ; Habrocytus acutigona ; Dibrachys boucJieanus. 



Most of these have a first generation with an early flight period 

 that does not coincide with the stages of the vine moths. The 

 majority, including those most common in the southern vineyards 

 (such as in South Tyrol), are also found in the northern regions 

 (such as the Palatinate), but the number of individuals is less. It is 

 therefore desirable that plants suitable for non-injurious intermediate 

 hosts should be grown in the north. Exochus tibialis and E. notaius 

 do not appear to need an intermediate host, and as they are excellent 

 parasites in the south it may be worth while importing them into 

 northern districts with a mild climate where the vine moths occur. 

 Agrypon flaveolatum, which is common in the north and scarce in the 

 south, is a species that emerges decidedly late. Some species vary 

 in abundance in different years, so that the figures given in this paper 

 cannot be taken as typical ; only one generation and winter pupae were 

 examined, and such important enemies as the specdes infesting the 

 eggs were not represented. 



(692) c 



