463 



myrtijolia, fig, grape, live oak, olive, orange, peach, pear, prune and 

 strawberry tree (Arbutus uncdo). Its eggs are generally laid in the dead 

 wood of acacia, almond, apple, Oregon and silver maple, manzanita,. 

 live oak, tan bark oak and rose. The larvae mine in the heart and sap- 

 wood of these trees for a year or more and emerge as adults in the 

 early summer. The breeding places should be destroyed, where possi- 

 ble, in the winter or early spring by burning all dead logs and stumps 

 of the food-plants. 



P. stoutii, Lee, breeds in California laurel, coast live oak, madrone 

 and mazanita and attacks the branches of almond and Eucalyptus 

 globulus. It occurs throughout California. 



The western twig-borer, Apate punctijminis, occurs throughout the 

 Pacific southwest where its native food-plant appears to be mesquit 

 [Prosopis], but it has also been bred from wood of apricot, fig, grape, 

 pear and orange. 



The Scolytids, PMoeosinus cupressi, Hopk., and P. cristatus, Lee, 

 are both native to California, and occur in many species of cypress. 

 Galleries are excavated under the bark parallel to the grain of the wood. 

 The eggs are laid in niches along the sides of the gallery. The larvae 

 mine in the cambium and thus girdle the trees. Under certain con- 

 ditions they will attack small branches about | inch in diameter. 

 Most of the injury is done in the spring and autumn. Remedial 

 measures include burning up the infested trees, posts or poles in which 

 they are breeding, and killing them by removing the bark. Injured 

 twigs may be trimmed from the trees. 



A Scolytid found in broken twigs of ash (Fraxinus spp.) and old 

 brood galleries of which were found in the dead tops of neighbouring 

 ash trees, is probably an undescribed species of Leperisinus near 

 L. aculeatus, Say. An allied species, L. j'raxini, has been reported 

 from Europe. 



Other twig-pruners include Agrilus migelicus (flat-headed oak twig- 

 girdler) and two unidentified Cerambycid larvae which were found 

 upon the larger twigs of oak. 



Stearns (L. A.). Some Results with Nicotine and Nicotine Combina- 

 tions in Experiments on the Control of Laspeyresia molesta, 

 Busck. — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, N.H., xiii, no. 4, August 1920, 

 pp. 364-367. 



The investigation on Cydia molesta of which these results are a part, 

 has been previously noticed [R.A.E., A, viii, 354]. 



Barber (G. W.). U.S. Bur. Entom. The Occurrence of the Chinch-bug 

 [Blissus leiicopterus) in Eastern Massachusetts. — Jl. Econ. Entom., 

 Concord, N.H., xiii, no. 4, August 1920, pp. 369-370. 



A lawn composed chiefly of blue grass having been completely 

 destroyed by the chinch-bug, Blissus leucopferus, all stages of the insect 

 were found in Massachusetts during August 1919. This pest was 

 probably introduced with sheep manure, which had been extensively 

 used for the lawm. In January 1920 the lawn was burned and ploughed 

 and made ready for spring planting. Although adults w^ere hibernating 

 in considerable numbers in the roots of certain grasses it is doubtful 

 it sufficient will survive to become injurious next season. 



