496 



Feytaud (J.). Sur I'Extension de rEud6mis en France. — Le Progres 

 Agric. et Vitic, 3Iontpellier, Ixxv, no. 38, 19tli September 1920, 

 pp. 281-284. 



The extended distribution of Polychrosis hotrana in France during 

 the past thirty years is reviewed. Although originally the local 

 outbreaks were of minor importance, it has become one of the most 

 serious pests of the vineyards. Wherever this moth becomes estab- 

 hshed, Clysia (Conchylis) ambiguella, Hb., apparently disappears. 



Passy(P.). Le Cephe du Poirier, [Cephvs compressus on Pear Trees.] 

 — La Vie Agric. Rurale, Paris, xvii, no. 38, 18th September 1920, 

 pp. 180-182, 4 figs. 



The sawfly, Janus (Cephus) compressus, ¥., oviposits on pear trees 

 from about 15th May to the end of June. The young shoots frequently 

 show many punctures made by the female, in one of which the egg, 

 which is very difficult to locate, is deposited. Shoots so attacked 

 wilt and die. The eggs hatch in 8 or 10 days, and the young larva 

 begins to feed on the medullary tissue ; later it begins to descend the 

 shoot, leaving the latter empty and dying. The larval timnel is 

 generally 3 or 4 inches long. Pupation occurs in the autumn, the 

 pupa being usually located a little below the dead part of the shoot, 

 though by the time the adult emerges, towards the end of the following 

 April, the whole shoot has died. The adult fives on flower juices 

 and does not damage the trees, except by oviposition. As the old 

 shoot dies, a new one frequently arises from one of the eyes just below 

 the point attacked, but its growth is retarded by the old shoot still 

 absorbing part of the sap, even if it is not actually killed by the larva 

 descending beyond the point of its origin. 



It is almost impossible to capture the adults of J. compressus owing 

 to their agifity ; in fact they can seldom be observed except at the 

 moment of oviposition. Remedial measures must therefore be 

 directed against the earfier stages. During the oviposition period 

 (May and June) all buds that show signs of wilting should be cut off 

 an inch or two below the punctures. In this way the egg or young 

 larva will be removed and the next healthy shoot will be encouraged 

 in its growth. After the leaves have fallen, during the winter pruning, 

 all the dried shoots should be cut sufficiently low to ensure that the 

 pupae are enclosed in them, and they should then be burnt. Certain 

 birds, in particular the tomtit and the goldfinch, are useful in extracting 

 the larvae from the shoots. An Ichneumonid parasite, Pimpla sp., 

 is able to oviposit through the shoot on to the larva within, and is 

 evidently very beneficial in reducing the numbers. In fact collections 

 of the larvae of this sawfly almost always pelded as many parasites 

 as hosts. 



BiLLAUDELLE (L.). Un RavagcuF du Chou. La Baridie Verdatre. 



[A Cabbage Pest, Baris chlorizans, Germ.] — Jl. cV Agric. Pratique, 



Paris, xxxiv, no. 39, 23rd September 1920, pp. 252-253, 1 fig. 



The Curcuhonid, Baris cJdorizans, Germ., causes serious damage 



among cabbages in the Seine-et-Oise region, the leaves at the base of 



the plants drying away and faUing to the ground about June or July. 



