518 



into apple buds, the shoots were killed within 24 hours. The salivary 

 glands of P. ambiguus when similarly treated had no effect. Observa- 

 tions were made showing the rate of exudation of sap from the bug's 

 puncture in the potato, and these are given for P. rugicollis and Lygiis 

 pabulinits. A list of common plants and fruit trees with their various 

 reactions to the feeding of harmful bugs is also given. 



Lloyd (LI.). The Habits of the Glasshouse Tomato Moth, Hadena 

 [Polia) oleracea, and its Control. — Ann. App. Biol., Cambridge^ 

 vii, no. 1. September 1920, pp. 66-102, 3 plates. 



The author's summary of this paper on Polia (Hadena) oleracea is 

 as follows : — P. oleracea is not a normal pest of tomatos grown under 

 glass, and where it has become established as such it is still in some 

 respects ill-adapted to a greenhouse life on a tomato diet. The larv^ae 

 eat the fruit because many of them are unable to survive on the 

 foliage alone. In spite of this, it has become a serious pest because 

 the moth is a prolific one and, once having entered a greenhouse, it 

 usually becomes a prisoner there. In a normal year there are two 

 complete generations and a partial third, and the moths are present 

 in the houses continuously from February to October. Spraying 

 the young plants with lead arsenate largely controls the first brood 

 of larvae, but not entirely, because moths of the first flight of the year 

 are still emerging when it is not practicable to use a poisonous spray on 

 the plants. 



The plants should be sprayed three* times when the larvae appear 

 early : (1) when the seedlings are in pots ; (2) just after planting 

 out ; (3) about a month before picking begins. The last operation 

 is the most important and the two previous ones may be omitted 

 if there are no signs of larvae feeding. 



Systematic moth trapping must be done throughout the growing 

 season, because it will reduce the numbers of moths which pass out 

 of the houses, and these, or their offspring blunder into the same 

 or neighbouring greenhouses ; and also because it is the most effective 

 form of control when spraying is not practicable, and will reduce the 

 infestation to a very great extent. Sixty jars baited with ale, treacle 

 and 1 per cent, sodium fluoride should be used to each acre of glass. 

 The dead moths should be removed frequently and the jars should be 

 rebaited every third week. Broken fruit must not be allowed to lie 

 about in the houses as the moths feed on this and become more prolific. 

 Many full grown larvae may be trapped in sacks placed about the 

 houses. The sacks should be collected and dipped in boiling water 

 every third week. Pupae should be destroyed in the winter. Special 

 baskets should be kept for fruit picking, and those from the markets 

 should never be allowed in the houses. 



The pest spreads rapidly through areas where the nurseries are 

 congested owing to the escape of moths from the infested houses. 

 It may be introduced into isolated localities by means of market 

 baskets, or by plants purchased from infested nurseries. On its first 

 appearance every method of control should be appKed at once, as 

 attempts to check it by picking off the larvae by hand in trade nurseries 

 have almost invariably ended in failure. 



