539 



Lamberton (C). a Coleopteron injurious to Coffee in Madagascar. — 



Rev. Agric. Vet. de Madacjascar el Depcndcnurs. Anlandtutrivo, 

 iv, 1919. p]). 326-328. (Abstract in L' Agric. Colon., Florence', 

 xiv, no. 9, September 1920, p. 386.) 



An unidentified boring beetle occurs on Coffea robusfa and C. cam- 

 pJiora in Madagascar. C. libcrica does not appear to be infested. 

 In any case young bushes under two years old are nearly always 

 immune. The most vigorous bushes harbour the largest number of 

 beetles. Some planters cut of? all the infested twigs, and others cut 

 down the bushes at ground level, but before adopting such drastic 

 measures, it is necessary to investigate the economic effect of the' 

 infestation. The beetles live in the pith of the young branches, 

 •entering through a hole perpendicular to the axis. On horizontal 

 branches the holes are always on the underside, so that they easily 

 escape notice. A small chamber, rarely more than | of an inch in 

 length, is made in the pith, and in a given chamber eggs, larvae, pupae, 

 and adults mav sometimes be found together. 



Aguil6 (J.). El Rhizotrogus aestivus Parasito del Olivo. [RJdzofrogus 

 aestiviis, a Pest of Olive-trees.] — Bol. Agric. Tecnica Econ., Madrid, 

 xii, no. 141, 30th September 1920, pp". 680-682. 



The adults of the beetle, Rhizotrogus aestivus, spend the daytime 

 hidden under clumps of earth, in grass or the crevices of the bark of 

 trees, and emerge after sunset to settle on oUve trees, where they 

 feed on the tender leaves and flowers, and are sometimes so numerous 

 in Spain as to ruin the crop. Eggs are laid in the ground among 

 decomposing leaves or delicate roots, on which the young larvae feed. 

 The winter is passed in the ground, whence the adults emerge in April. 

 The larvae do considerable damage to the roots and leaves of various 

 plants, while the adults, as well as attacking olive-trees, feed on the 

 young leaves of almonds and oaks. 



As the adult beetles are most frequently in the trees between 4 and 5 

 in the morning, they can easily be shaken at this time into cloths 

 laid beneath the trees. Lead arsenate sprays are also efficacious, but 

 less economical. 



Andres (A.). Die Durchgasung von Gewachshausern mit Blausaure 

 zur Vernichtung von Blattlausen und anderen Schadlingen. 



[The Fumigation of Plant-houses with Hydrocyanic Acid Gas 

 for destroying Aphids and other Pests.] — Die Gartenwelt, xviii, 

 no. 18, 1919, pp. 139-140. (Abstract in Zeitsckr. landw. Ver- 

 suchswesoi in Deutschdsterreich, Vienna, xxiii, no. 5-8, Mav- 

 August 1920, p. 100.) 



Experiments are described in fumigating Begonia, Pelargonimn, 

 Cactus and other plants with hydrocyanic acid gas against Aphids 

 and Pseudococcus citri. Half an hour is sufficient to kill these pests 

 with a strength of 0-2-0 "3 volume per cent., which does not injure the 

 plants. Against Eriosoma {Schizoneura) lanigerum 0-5 volume per 

 cent, must be used for a period between 30 minutes and an hour. 



