540 



Sedlaczek (W.). Das Auftreten der Nonne in Bbhmen im Jahre 



1918. [The Occurrence of the Xmi Moth in Bohemia in 1918.] — 

 Cenfralbl. f. ges. Forstivesen, 1918, pp. 219-227. (Abstract lq 

 Zeitschr. landiv. Versuchsicesen in Deutschosterreich. Viennu, 

 xxiii, no. 5-8, Mar-August 1920, p. 102.) 



As a result of observations extending from 1904 to 1918. the author 

 believes that there exists a relation between the increase of Lymantria 

 monacha on the one hand, and the temperature in the months of May, 

 June, and July and the occurrence of evenings favourable to the 

 flight of the moths, on the other. A low temperature dining the 

 feeding period is unfavourable to this pest. 



ZiMiiERMAxx (H.). Ueber die Erdraupe der Wintersaateule {Agrotis 

 segetim, Schiff). Erdraupenschaden in Mecklenburg 1912-1917. 

 [The Caterpillar of Euxoa segetum. Damage done in Mecklenburg 

 in 1912-1917.] — Arch. Yer. Freunde der NaturgescMchte i?i Meck- 

 lenburg, Ixxiii, 1919, pp. 25-54. 



. Ueber die Erdraupe der Wintersaateule. Ein weiterer Beitrag 



zu der Lebensweise und Bekampfung. [The Caterpillar of 

 Euxoa segetum. A further Contribution on its Life-history and 

 Control.] — Mecklenburg. Icindw. Wochenschr., iv, no. 10, 1920, 

 pp. 184-188. (Abstracts in Zeitschr. landw. Versuchsivesen in 

 Deutschosterreich. Vienna, xxiii, no. 5-8, Mav-August 1920. p. 

 100.) [Received 25th October 1920.] 



The outbreaks of Euxoa segetum were most severe in 1917, rape and 

 sugar-beet being chiefly attacked. The enormous losses were due to 

 the fact that the young stages of the moth and of the food-plants 

 occurred at the same period. Other favourable factors were the heavA', 

 dry, clay soil, the lasting dry weather and the use of stable manure. 

 Protective trenches may be dug, and domestic animals may be allowed 

 to feed on the caterpiUars. Crows are very useful in this connection. 

 In August the caterpiUars are kiUed by a bacterial disease. In 1918 

 no caterpillars or moths were seen after the month of August. 



Jens EX (H.). The Exact Determination of some Pests of Tobacco in 

 Java. — Proefstation voor Vorstenlandsche Tabak, Semarang, xxxv, 

 1918. (Abstract in Mthhj. Bull. Agric. Intell. & PI. Dis., Rome, 

 X, no. 7-8-9, Julv- August-September 1919, pp. 1040-1041.) 

 [Received 25th October 1920.] 



The moth originaUy identified in Java as Phihorimaea operculeUa, Z. 

 {Lita solanelh, Boisd.) is now recognised to be P. (GnorirnoscJiema) 

 heliopa, Lw. The true P. operculella, Z., is a mining caterjDillar living 

 in the leaves of certain Solanaceae and frequently infesting tobacco, 

 though it has never been observed to do so in the East Indies. Its 

 hfe-history differs considerably from that of P. heliopa : its eggs are laid 

 on the leaves, and the caterpillars mine the leaves and pupate on the 

 surface of the ground. The species of Heliothis that is very injurious 

 to tobacco in Java has been identified as H. assulta, Gn. 



The larva of a beetle that is also injurious and has hitherto passed 

 as Opatrum depressum, ¥., has been sent to Washington for identifica- 

 tion, and although no definite decision has been arrived at. it is certain 



