«5 



The bristles standing on these warts are rather stout in pro])orti()n to 

 their length (therefore not like hairs) and show at the extremity a 

 highly characteristic shovel-formed enlargement (fig. la and \b). 



Second Stage (fig. 2). This stage scarcely difiers from the first; 

 the color is still black with the white saddle on the third and fourth 

 abdominal rings. The bristles are fewer, especially on the head and 

 the last abdominal segment. The bristles on the warts are shorter in 

 proportion to the warts than in the first stage and are no longer shovel- 

 formed at the extremity, but are uniformly broad and merely rounded 

 at the point (fig. 2a). 



Third Stage (fig. 3). After the second moult we still find no es- 

 sential differences, but the dark color is now more replaced by bright 

 spots, and the white saddle has descended farther on the sides. The 

 warts and bristles scarcely differ from those ot the preceding stage, 

 though the former have decreased in size in proportion to the circum- 

 ference of the caterpillar. 



Fourth Stage (fig. 4). From the preceding stage to this one the 

 transition is so abrupt that we seem quite unprepared for it. The 

 heretofore unicolorous caterpillar now shows the coloring and markings 

 which are so familiar in the similar stage of Papilio Machaofi, viz. : a 

 bright green ground with black bands, which are narrow in the joints 

 and broad on the middle of the segments; these bands are interrupted 

 by brick-red spots, which are arranged in three rows, — sub-dorsal, 

 supra-stigmal and infra-stigmal. The warts, on which the bristles are 

 scarcely perceptible, are still retained, and visibly project, especially on 

 the sub-dorsal line, though in proportion to the size of the body they 

 have plainly diminished; in other words, they have evidently become 

 rudimentary. The bristles have entirely disappeared from other parts. 



Fifth Stage (fig. 5). In the last stage the green ground color is 

 more conspicuous, because the black bands on the segments have 

 diminished somewhat, and in some parts only form spots between the 

 red dots; this is especially the case on the middle abdominal segments. 

 The warts, together with the bristles, have totally disappeared, and no 

 indication remains of the previous hairy covering. 



Papilio Brevicauda. I have not personally examined this cater- 

 pillar, but all of its preparatory stages have been figured by Mr. Ed- 

 wards. Although the enlargement is not sufficient to show the shape 

 of the bristles, yet it is clearly seen that the warts are very much as in 

 Asterias. 



Up to the third stage the warts and their bristles are distinctly visible; 

 the color is black, interrupted by a white saddle which lies across the 

 third and fourth abdominal ridges, exactly as in Asterias. 



In the fourth stage the warts have become rudimentary, while the 

 characteristic markings of the full grown caterpillar have already be- 



