1 65 



Black Variety. — Extreme: The middle black bands on all seg- 

 ments so broad as to extinguish the white bands more or less completely; 

 what remains of these bands is also broken into short bits over dorsum; 

 a white patch on each segment along base, large over pro-legs. Ex- 

 amples also appear in which the black is less extended, but nearly all 

 the larvae observed were of the green type in last stage. 



Chrysalis. — Length 1.2 inch; greatest breadth, across mesonotum, 

 .48 inch; greatest depth .3 inch; cylindrical, thickest in middle seg- 

 ments; the surface rough, granulated and on all ridges corrugated; 

 head-case produced, ending in two sub-triangular processes which are 

 but little divergent, the space between them incised at a right angle, 

 and the slopes made irregular by one small knob or tooth on each; 

 mesonotum prominent, pointed forward, sub-pyramidal, the top blunt 

 and rough, the edges thickened and rough; on abdomen two sub- 

 dorsal rows of low blunt tubercles; on fourth segment a cross row 

 of four small tubercles; on the ventral side six small black tubercles 

 between the antennce and tongue-cases, three on either side in longitu- 

 dinal row; color light wood-brown, the ventral side of thorax darker, 

 the wing-cases with black lines indicating the neuration of the wings; 

 a slightly darker band than on rest of abdomen along the side from 

 wing-case to last segment. 



Or the color is green, the whole dorsal area from mesonotum down 

 being bright yellow over a green ground, which ground shows most 

 clearly between the rows of tubercles on last three or four segments; 

 the tubercles all yellow, and the granulations of surface yellow, head 

 and wing-cases one shade of green with a light brown tint; the ventral 

 side of abdomen yellow-green; no side stripe. Duration of this stage 

 in the only example which gave imago the same year fourteen days. 

 The others hibernated and gave imagos in following spring. 



Zolicaon flies at least from Oregon to Arizona and through the 

 Rocky Mountains, being taken occasionally from Colorado to Mon- 

 tana. But it is at home on the Coast. Mr. W. (j. Wright, at San 

 Bernardino, is of the opinion that it is a single-brooded species, though 

 now and then an individual is seen as late as July, and it would there- 

 fore be of a second brood. But the larger part of the chrysalids 

 hibernate. The flight of the butterfly is in March and April, according 

 to Mr. Wright. I received from Mr. Wright, April 2, 1883, a number 

 of eggs which had been laid seven days before, on carrot, by a female 

 tied over the plant. On the 5th, these began to hatch, and by 7th all 

 had hatched. The young larvae look like those of Asterias at same 

 stage, and behaved in same manner. I noticed one of them in its first 

 day thrust out its scent-organs, on being touched by another larva. 

 (All Papilio larvee, however, have this power from the ^%^') By 13th 

 most had passed the second moult; on 15th some were passing the 

 third moult. After this moult \arieties were observed, some larvae 



