22 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 
white, leaves coriaceous, tomentose, nearly entire, stem 
2-6 in.; high; Dauphiny. 
35. SAUSSUREA, DC. 
Flowers purple or violet; capitules usually numerous, 
corymbose; involucral bracts unarmed; anther -cells 
tailed ; pappus-hairs in two rows, the outer rough, the 
inner feathery. Alpine. 
S. alpina, DC.; stem 6-18 in., leaves lanceolate, 
webbed beneath with grey hairs, involucral bracts narrow; 
high, rocky. S. macrophylla, Saut.; leaves broader, in- 
volucral bracts broad; Tirol, Salzburg, Pyrenees, rare. 
S. depressa, Gren. ; capitules few, stem very short (2 in.), 
leafy, leaves grey-white beneath; very rare; Southern 
Switzerland, Tirol (Gross-Glockner), Dauphiny. S. dzs- 
color, DC.; leaves lanceolate-cordate, with a snow-white 
tomentum beneath; high, rare. S. pygmc@a, Spreng.; 
flowers red-violet, capitule solitary, stem 2-6 in., leaves 
linear, entire or denticulate; Tirol, Carniola, Carinthia, 
Styria, rare. 
26, (CARLINA, jL.. 
Flowers purple; outer involucral bracts spiny, spread- 
ing, white, inner coloured, shining; fruit silky, with 
feathery pappus; leaves pinnatifid, spiny. 
The English C. vulgarzs, L., Carline-Thistle, with single 
sessile white capitule; very common on open hill-sides. 
Also C. acaulis, L.; capitule solitary, much larger (up to 
3 in.), stem © or very short ; mountain pastures, frequent, 
especially in Jura. C. longifolia, Rchb. (nebrodensts, 
Koch); stem up to 18 in., capitules several, leaves elliptic- 
= Sn ee ea, 

