COMPOSITA 23 
lanceolate; Switzerland, Tirol, Vosges, Jura, Salzburg, 
rare. C. acanthifolza, All. ; nearly stemless, capitule soli- 
tary, very large, leaves tomentose beneath, very spiny ; 
Dauphiny, Pyrenees. 
37. ARCTIUM, L. 
Capitules globose; involucral bracts with long spread- 
ing stiff hooked tips; leaves very large, simple. Not 
alpine. 
A. majus, Schk. (Lappa major, Geertn., L. officinalis, 
All.), Greater Burdock; and A. mznus, Schk. (Lappa 
minor, DC.), Smaller Burdock; very common. A. tomen- 
tosum, Schk.; capitules strongly webbed, smaller and 
more numerous; at higher elevations. A. nemorosum, 
Lge. (zutermedtum, KRchb.); capitules webbed, lower 
leaves coarsely toothed; woods. 
38. XERANTHEMUM, Tourn. 
Flowers purple, outer sterile, with a bi-labiate corolla; 
involucral scales unarmed; stamens with completely free 
filaments. Not alpine. 
AX. tnapertum, Willd. (erectum, Pr.); inner involucral 
bracts expanded only in the sunshine, leaves tomentose ; 
dry; Southern Switzerland. 
39. SERRATULA, DC. 
Flowers purple or white; capitules solitary or nume- 
rous; involucral bracts unarmed; anther-cells not tailed ; 
pappus-hairs rigid. 
