COMPOSITA 24 
All.; leaves entire or pinnatifid, very soft, white-tomen- 
tose beneath, stem 2-3 ft., cottony; pastures, frequent. 
C. revulare, Link; capitules 2-4, large (up to ? in.), on 
long stalks, lower leaves usually undivided, stem nearly 
leafless above ; damp pastures, frequent. C. montanum, 
Spreng. ; stem leafy up to the summit, leaves deeply pin- 
natifid; Southern Tirol, rare. C. dulbosum, DC.; capi- 
tules few, on long stalks, leaves somewhat tomentose 
beneath, root-fibres bulbous; Jura, Dauphiny, Geneva. 
C. monspessulanum, All. ; capitules small, corymbose, stem 
pubescent, winged, branched, involucre not webbed, bracts 
with black spots; Carniola, Styria, Dauphiny, Pyrenees. 
45. CARDUUS, L. 
Resembling Czrszum, but pappus-hairs rough and stiff, 
united, deciduous. 
C. nutans, L., with large nodding heads; crispus, L., 
with much smaller erect heads and continuous wing to 
the stem; and acanthoides, L., like the last, but with 
fewer and larger heads and spiny bracts, are common 
English thistles. 
The following are mostly not British :— 
A. Capitules oblong or ovoid-oblong, deciduous when 
mature :—C. pycnocephalus, L.; capitules small, in clusters, 
wing of stem continuous; Geneva, Pyrenees, rare. C. 
tenutfiorus, Curt. ; resembling the last, and scarcely distin- 
guishable, capitules more numerous and smaller, wing 
of stem broader; Geneva, Pyrenees. 
4. Capitules globose or ovoid, not deciduous :—C. 
platylepis, Saut.; capitule large, solitary, erect, involu- 
cral bracts recurved, spiny; meadows, occasional. C. 
