36 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 
Salsify ; stem bearing several capitules, leafy below, 13-3 
ft.; rare; Aostathal, Dauphiny (but often cultivated). 
S. aristata, Ram.; capitule solitary, stem leafless, stem 
8-16 in.; Tirol, Carinthia, Carniola, Salzburg, Pyrenees. 
B. Flowers pink :—S. rosea, W. and K.; leaves linear- 
lanceolate ; rare; Tirol, Carniola, Carinthia, Carpathians. 
60. PODOSPERMUM, DC. 
Resembling Scorzonera,; but achenes swollen, prolonged 
at the base into a stalk; leaves pinnatifid. Not alpine. 
P. laciniatum, DC.; flowers pale yellow, stem erect, 
simple, capitule solitary, leaf-segments distant, usually 
linear ; road-sides; Valais, Dauphiny, Pyrenees. /P. cal- 
citrapefolium, DC. (decumbens, G. and G.); stems often 
decumbent ; Dauphiny. 
OI. DONCHUS, L. 
Flowers yellow; capitules numerous, corymbose; in- 
volucral bracts in many rows; pappus-hairs simple, silky. 
Very milky plants; not alpine. 
Our English species of Sow-Thistle, S. oleraceus, L., 
with very soft pinnatifid leaves ; asfer, All., with spiny 
leaves; and arvenszs, L., with much larger capitules and 
auricled stem-leaves, are common in cultivated land. SS. 
palustris, L., with pale yellow flowers and sagittate stem- 
leaves, is occasionally met with in marshes in Southern 
Switzerland. 
62. PRENANTHES, L. 
Flowers purple; capitules small, numerous, few- 
flowered; involucral bracts in one row, few; pappus- — 
hairs simple. 
