86 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 
B. Flowers in spikes:—J/. arvense, L.; corolla with 
yellow throat and purple lips, bracts pinnatifid at the 
base, spotted, leaves lanceolate ; fields, local. 7. crista- 
tum, L.; spikes very dense, quadrangular, bracts ovate- 
cordate, finely pectinate, purple, corolla yellow tipped 
with purple, leaves linear-lanceolate; woods and fields, 
local. 
FAS OA Z TAL: 
Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves; 
calyx very short, tubular, 5-toothed; corolla 2-lipped, 
upper lip bifid, lower lip 3-cleft ; leaves opposite, sessile. 
T. alpina, L.; stem erect, square, scaly at the base, 
corolla golden-yellow with red spots on the lower lip, 
leaves ovate, crenate-dentate; moist alpine places, fre- 
quent. 
I5. RHINANTHUS, L. (Alectorolophus, Wimm.). 
Flowers yellow, in unilateral spikes, with broad bracts ; 
calyx ventricose, compressed, 4-toothed, enclosing the 
seed-vessel like a bladder; corolla 2-lipped; stamens 4, 
concealed in the upper lip of the corolla; capsule com- 
pressed ; seeds winged; leaves opposite, narrow, toothed. 
Annual herbs, parasitic on roots, black when dry. 
R. Crista-gallt, L. (minor, Ehrh.), Yellow Rattle; 
corolla-tube as long as calyx, lobes of upper lip short, 
leaves linear-oblong ; damp meadows, common. LF. major, 
Ehrh. ; plant taller (14-2 ft.), flowers larger, corolla-tube 
longer than calyx, lobes of upper lip elongated; damp 
pastures, frequent. i. Azrsutus, Lam.; calyx and bracts 
very hairy ; cultivated land, frequent. L. a/sznus, Baumg.; 
