MELANTHACE 163 
5. TOFIELDIA, Huds. 
Flowers small, in spikes or racemes at the end of a 
slender leafless scape; leaves linear; seed-vessel com- 
posed of 3 follicles. 
T. calyculata, Whib.; flowers yellow or reddish, sub- 
tended by a calyx-like involucre; damp pastures, fre- 
quent. TZ. palustris, Huds. ; involucral scales at the base 
of the flower-stalk, but not beneath the flower, spike 
shorter ; damp pastures, not so common. 
Order XCI.—ALISMACE:., 
Flowers usually bisexual, in panicles or umbels; sepals 
and petals 3 each, the former green or coloured ; stamens 
6 or more; ovary of many carpels; leaves chiefly radical. 
Aquatic or marsh plants; not alpine. 
I. ALISMA, L. 
Flowers bisexual; sepals green; petals white or light 
pink ; carpels very numerous, free; leaves erect. 
A. Plantago, L., Water-Plantain ; flowers in a branched 
panicle, carpels arranged in a whorl, stem I-3 ft., leaves 
ovate-lanceolate ; ditches, common. <A. ranunculoides, L.; 
flowers in an umbel, carpels arranged in a globular 
head, stem 6-18 in., leaves linear-lanceolate; ditches ; 
Switzerland, rare. <A. parnassifolium, L.; flowers in a 
panicle, leaves obtuse, cordate; Tirol, Carinthia, Styria, 
Dauphiny. 
