ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY 



95 



the present time amounts to 1050. According to this 

 estimate the Indian portion of the Order has representa- 

 tives of about one-eighth of the whole number of gen- 

 era, but only about oae-fourteenth or one-fifteenth of 

 the species. 



branches. Involucre hemispherical, scales many tericK, 



imbricating. Flowers bluish. Java, Burma, Moluccas, 



SIiHOPSlS OP THE GENERA OF INDIAN COMPOSITE!. 



TUBULIFLORE. 

 Tribe I. VEBrfONiACEJC. 



Sub-tribe. Vernowie^. 

 Branches of the style elonm 



discoid homogamous 



Div. I. EuvERNONiEjB. Anthers ecaudate^ involucre 

 not compressed, polyphyllous. 



• Pappus none, or simple, croum-like. 



1. OiosPERMUM (Less. D. C. Prod. 5-11). Capitula 

 many-flowered, flowers equal. Achaenia rounded at the 

 apex, 10-ribbed. Pappus wanting. — Herbaceous, diffuse, 

 opposite-leaved plants. Capitula solitary, long pedun- 

 cled, opposite the leaves. Involucre spreading, terete, 

 surrounded at the base by unequal-sized leaves, longer 

 than the capitulum. Receptacle naked, broad. Cor- 

 olla regular, 5-cleft, pale. Peninsula, one species, station 

 unknown. 



2. Ethulia (Cass- D. C. 5-12). Capitula many-flow- 

 ered. Achaenia obpyramidal, 4-sided, 4-ribbed, glab- 

 rous, glandular, truncated at the apex. Pappus minute, 

 entire, fleshy, crown-like. — Erect, ramous herbs; leaves 

 alternate, pellucid, dotted. Involucre terete, many se- 

 ries, scales sub-foliaceous. Receptacle naked. Corolla 

 rosecoloured or purple. Bengal, one species. 



** Pappus 1, or several series; irUerior ones always 

 hristle-like, 



3. Vernonia (Schreb. D. C. 5-15, R. W. Icon. 829 and 

 1076 to 79). Capitula usually many-flowered. Achaenia 

 with a cartilaginous callous at the base, and a large 

 epigynous disk- Pappus usually a double series, the 

 interior one hristly, much longer than the paleaceous 

 outer one. — Herbs, shrubs or trees; leaves alternate, 

 often glandulose. Involucre imbricated, interior squamae 

 longest Receptacle naked, or rarely sub-fimbrillose. 

 Flowers few or many. Corolla regular, 5-cleft, usually 

 purple or rose-coloured. Generally diffused over India. 



4. Decaneurum (D, C. 5-66, R. W. Icon. 1080 to 84). 

 Capitula many-flowered. Achaenia usually glabrous, 

 marked with 10 prominent ribs. Pappus 1 series, bris- 

 tles thick, rigid, densely barbellate. — Herbaceous or 

 suffruticose; leaves alternate. Involucre imbricated, 

 often surrounded with foliaceous bracts. Receptacle flat, 

 alveolate. Flowers regular, 5-cleft, purplish. Widely 

 diffused, preferring alpine ranges. 



5. Cyanopis (BI. D. C. 5-69), Capitula many-flow- 

 ered, homogamous. Achaenia prismatic o-pentagonal, 

 glabrous, the terminal areola broad sub-capitulate. Pap- 

 pus 1 series ; bristles rigid, distinct to the base, decidu- 

 ous, rough. — Erect, ramous herbs, probably annuals; 

 leaves altemate. Capitula few on the points of the 



6. MoNosis (D. C. 5-77, R. W. Icon. 1085). Capitula 

 1-flowered. Achaenia glabrous, terete. Pappus 2-3 

 series, bristles rigid, scabrous. — Arboreous or suffruti- 

 cose, leaves alternate. Panicles naked, the apices of 

 the branchlets bearing numerous sub-umbellate, sessile 

 capitulffi. Scales of the involucre imbricated, obtuse, 

 shorter than the flowers. Corolla rose-coloured. [M. 

 Wightiana is a considerable tree, with large obovale 

 leaves, traversed hy thick transverse veins, like those of 

 a Dillenia,] Eastern slopes, Neilgherries. 



Div. 11. Ei.EPHANTOPE^. Anthtrs ccaudote. Involucre 

 compressed; scales altemately conduplicaie, 



7. Elephaktopus (Cass. Lin. D. C. 5-^, R, W. Icon. 



10861 Capitula of several (3-5, usually 4) equal flow- 

 ers, densely congested into a glomerulous, enclosed by 

 leaves. Achasnia slightly compressed, many-ribbed, 

 pilose. Pappus 1 series, some of the bristles dilated at 

 the base. — Perennial, erect, pilose herbs with alternate, 

 sessile leaves and terminal glomerulus. Involucre com- 

 pressed, scales in a double series, alternately flat and 

 conduplicate. Rachis naked. Corolla palmate, limb 5- 

 cleft, one of the fissures deeper. Generally diffused. 



Tribe II. Eupatoriacej:. 



Sub-tribe. Eupatorieje. Capitida homogamous. Flow- 

 ers never, strictly speaking, yellow. 



• Ageratej:. Pappus paleaceous or partly squamel- 



laie. 



8. Ageratum (Lin. D. C. 5-108). Capitula many- 

 flowered. Achaenia somewhat 5-angled, attenuated at 

 the base. Pappus 5-10, free paleaceous scales, arislato- 

 acuminate, or pectinate obtuse. — Annual, erect herbs, 

 with opposite leaves. Involucre imbricated. Recepta- 

 cle naked. Flowers blue or white. A common weed 

 every where. 



9. Adenostemma (Forst. D. C. 5-110, R. W. Icon. 

 1087-88). Capitula many-flowered. Achsenia obpvate 

 oblong, surmounted by 3-5 rigid bristles, glandular, 

 globose or clavate at the apex. — Herbs with opposite 

 leaves and corymbosely panicled capitula. Involucre 

 campanulate, somewhat shorter than the flowers. Squa- 

 mae 1 series, foliaceous, oblong. Receptacle fiat, naked, 

 foviolate. Corolla white. Stigmas long exserted, thick- 

 ened at the point and coloured. Alpine plants, widely 

 distributed over India. 



** Pappus selose, harbdlate or plumose. 



10. Eupatorium (Toum. D. C. Prod. 5-141). Capi- 

 tula many-flowered. Achaenia angled or striated. Pap- 

 pus 1 series, pilose, rough. — Herbs or under-shrubs. 

 Leaves usually opposite. Capitula corymbose or pani- 

 cled. Scales of the involucre 1 to several series im- 

 bricating. Receptacle flat, naked. Corolla dilated at 

 the throat, purple, blue, or white. Branches of the style 

 exserted, obtuse. Nepaul, Khassya mountains, &c. 



11. MiKANiA (Willd. D. C. Prod. 5-187). Capitula 4- 

 flowered. Achaenia angled. Pappus 1 series, pilose 



H 



