ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY* 



I or 



LIG VLIFL ORM. 



Tribe VIII. Cichorace^. 



Sub-tribe. III. Hyoseride^. Receplacle paleaceous* 



Papptis crown-like or viany palea, 



117. CicHORiuM (Toura. D. C Prod. 7-83). Capitula 

 many- or several-flowered. Achasnia obovate, sub- 

 compressed, striated, glabrous. Pappus consisting of 

 1-2 series of numerous, short, obtuse sqnamellae. 

 Erect, ramous herbs. Capitula sessile in the axils of 

 the upper leaves or terminal. Involucre double, ex- 

 terior short, about 5 leaves, interior long, about 8-10- 

 leaved. Receptacle flattish, epaleaceous. Flowers 

 light blue. Plant bitter, becoming edible by cultiva- 

 tion. Himalayas, Patna. 



Sub-tribe. VL Scorzonere-e. Receptacle epaleace- 

 ous; pappus paleolate, paleola rough or plumose. 



118. Tragopogon (Toum. D. C. 7-112). Capitula 



many-flowered; florets of the ray often radiant Achs- 



nia with a lateral areola, more or less muricated, Ion 



beaked. Pappus plumose, five of the saeta longer an 



naked at the apex. — Biennials or perennials ; roots thick, 



lactescent; stems herbaceous, erect. Capitula terminaL 



Involucre 1 series. Receptacle epaleaceous, foviolate. 

 Himalayas. 



119. ScozoNERA (D.C-Prod, 7-117). Capitula many- 

 flowered. Achaenia estipitate, beakless, with a lateral 

 areola. Pappus many series, plumose or rarely rough, 

 — Herbs; roots fusiform or tuberous. Leaves usually 

 quite entire, rarely dentate, or pinnatLfid. Stem simple, 

 1-cephalous. Involucre imbricated* Receptacle naked. 

 Flowers purple, or oftener yellow, with tne ligulae of 

 the same colour, or purple. Himalayas. 



120. PicRis (Juss. D. C. 7-128, R. W. Icon. 1148). 

 Capitula many-flowered. Achaenia terete, attenuated 

 at both ends, nigulose with a terminal areola, beak 

 none or short Pappus of the disk plumose, 2 series, 

 exterior shortest. — Herbaceous plants, Capitula pe- 

 duncled. Involucre 2 series. Receptacle naked. Al- 

 pine plants, Himalayas, Neilgherries. 



Sub-trib e, VII. La c tuce j:- Receptacle epaleaceous 



or rarely paleaceous. Pappus Aair-/ifce, fugaceous, sofl, 

 silvery white* 



121. Lactuca (Tourn. D. C, 7-133). Capitula few- 

 or many-flowered. Achaenia compressed, wingless, 

 abruptly terminating in a filiform beak.— Herbaceous. 

 Capitula paniculate. Involucre cylindrical, calyculate- 

 ly imbricated, 3-4 series. Receptacle naked. [The 

 essential distinction of this genus is the filiform beak of 

 the achasnia, which is most marked in the common 

 garden lettuce, but does not exist in either L. glabra 

 or L, Heyntana^ the only two Indian species 1 have 

 examined. The former of these seems to associate 

 better with Microrhynchus ; the latter with Bradiyram' 

 phus,] Himalayas. The Coromandel species do not 

 belong to the genus, hence it is not a Peninsular genus, 

 at least so far as I am aware. 



122. Taraxacum (Haller. D. C. Prod. 7-14<l). Capi 



tula many-flo\vered. Achainia oblong, striated, muri- 

 cated along the ribs or spinellose at the apex, prolonged 

 into a long beak. Pappus pilose, many series, very 

 white. — Stenilesfl, perennial herbs; leavai all radical. 

 Scapes usually piped, l-cephalous. Involucre double, 

 exterior scales small, interior I series, cotnulate at the 

 point. Receptacle naked. Flowc*^ yellow, exterior 

 ligulae often reddish. Himalayas, Oude. 



123. IxERis (Cass. D. C. 7-151). Capitula many- 

 flowered.^ Achsnia oblone, acutely 10-costate, beaked. 

 Pappus pilose, 1 series.— lierbaceou*. Slem« naked at 

 the apex, cor5^mbose. Involucre ovate, 1 series, with 

 3-5 calyculate scales. Receptacle naked. [This ge- 

 nus, so far as I can learn from written charactcrsi, is not 



distinct from Lactuca^ L. saliva^ being apparently about 



as justly referable to the one as the other.] Himalayas. 



124. Brachyramphcs (D. C, 7-176, R. W. Iconc: 

 1146). Capitula 10-15-flovvered, Achaenia oblong, 

 muricate, suddenly attenuated into a short beak, neither 

 angled nor costate. Pappus many series.— Herbace- 

 ous; capitula raceraosely spicate. Involucre oblong, 

 imbricated, the scales scariose on the margin. Recep- 

 tacle naked. A common weed — often mistaken for 

 some kind of Swine thistle. 



125. Micro RHYNCHus (Less. D. C. 7^180, R. \V. 

 Icon. 1145). Capitula several-flowered. Achasnia 4, 

 rarely 5-angled, sub-rostrate at maturity; beak wanting 

 in the ovary. Costae thick, sub-rugose. Pappus 

 pilose.— Herbaceous perennials. Involucre cylindrical, 

 calyculate, imbricate at the base. Receptacle naked. 

 Flowers yellow. Widely diffused, humble plants, ex- 

 tending from the sea beach to tlie highest peak of 

 Dodabet. 



126. So.NCHUs (Cass. D. C. 7--184, R. W. Ic. 1141-42). 



Capitula many-flowered. Achsenia wingless, compress- 

 ed, erostrate, longitudinally costulate, CostiJae often 

 transversely tuberculato-muricate. Pappus soft, most 

 slenderly filiform. — Herbaceous, polymorphous plants^ 

 Involucre imbricated. Receptacle naked. Flowers 

 yellow. Every where. 



127. You.vGrA (Cass. D. C, 7-192, R. W. Icon. 1147). 

 Capitula about 12-flowered. Corolla pilose at the apex 

 of the tube. Achaenia oblong, compressed, sub-trigo- 

 nous, striated, beakless, attenuated at both ends. Pap- 

 pus pilose, scarcely denticulate. — Herbaceous plants; 

 inferior leaves lyrate or pinnatifid. Capitula paniculate. 

 Involucre cylindrical, 8-leaved, with about 5 calyculate, 

 accessory scales. Receptacle naked. [D. C. considers 

 this a good genus, but adds that ail the species require 

 to be re-examined.] A common weed, growing in 

 waste firround among" rubbish. &c. 



128. Prenanthes (Ca«g. D. C. 7-194). Capitula 3-5- 

 flowered. Style exserted. Achsenia attenuated at the 

 base, sub-cylindrical or sub-pentagonal, truncated. Pap- 

 pus many series, pilose, rigid.-^Herb8 with entire or 

 dentate leaves, Capitula racemose or paniculate, droop- 

 ing. Involucre 4-€-leaved, cylindrical, calyculate at 

 the base. Flowers purple. Himalayas, Java. 



L 



