ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 



113 



these sections almost every species of this large genus (containing about 200 snwiee) can, fox the 

 most part, be readilj made out. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE 13C. 



Camjoanxda ftdgtns, Var. Capitula, flowering plant, 

 natural size. 



1. Detached flower and bract 



2. Tlie same, corolla removed to show the insertion of 

 the stamens and dilated base of their filaments. 



3. A flower cut vertically, showing the relative posi- 

 tion of all its parts. 



4. Stamens, back and front views. 



5. Upper half of the style and stigma, the latter 

 covered with its spreading, rigid, collecting hairs. 



G. Ovary cut transver'=''ly. 



7. A capsule approachmg maturity, with withered 

 corolla still attached* 



8. Cut transversely. 



9. One cell opened vertically, style and stigma left to 

 show the change of the latter after flowering. 



10. A mature capsule after dehiscence. 



11. Capsule of C. Alphonsii, after dehiscence. 



12. Dehiscing capsule of ffahknhergia Indica. 

 All more or less magnified. 



Xa—GOODINOVIE.^. 



three 

 all the 



This family, according to De Candolle's Prodromus, includes about 130 species. Two or 



Moluccas 



Cape, and a few of the Coast of South America. As an Indian family, it is one of very secon- 

 dary note, but is interesting in connection with the geography of plants. 



Character of the Order. Tube of the calyx more or less adherent to the ovary: limb 



4-5-lobed, entire or obsolete, persistent. 



gular, tube 



above, rarely 5-partibIe; limb 5-parted, 2- or rarely 1 -lipped, the middle lobes lanceolate, flat, 

 the lateral ones thinner and more corolline; aestivation induplicate, rarely obsolete. Stamina 

 united with the corolla, not with the style, alternate with its lobes; filaments distinct; anthers 

 united or oftener free, continuous with the filaments, 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. Pollen 

 simple or compound. Ovary 1-2- or 4-celled; ovules few or numerous. Style simple or rarely 

 double. Stigma fleshy, surrounded^ with a cup-shaped membranaceous indusium, entire or 2- 

 lobed, ciliate or naked. Fruit various, capsular, many-seeded with the septum, when present, 

 usually parallel with the valves, or drupaceous, or 

 erect, albuminous with a thick testa. Embryo stn 



or herbaceous, not lactescent plants, variously hairy with alternate^ exslipulate, simple, entire, 

 dentate, or somewhat incised leaves. Flowers distinct. 



nucamentaceous 



Seed 



radicle inferior. Shrubby 



Affixities. This family is nearly related to Campanulace<E and Loheliacece from which 

 it principally differs in the curious cup-shaped indusium of the stigma, and the want of milky 

 juice. Lindley formerly divided the order, as established by Brown, by the elevation of the 

 sub-order Scasvolea?, to the rank of a distinct order, under the name of SccevoIacecBy a course in 

 which he was not followed by any other Botanist, and which, on reconsideration, he has relin- 

 quished, as they are again united in his "Vegetable Kingdom.**^ 0;i the nature of the stigmatic 

 indusium, which forms so important a feature in this family, considerable difference of opinion 

 exists between Drs. Brow^n and Lindley. The former asks, "Is this remarkable covering of the 

 stigma in these families merely a process of the apex of the style? or is it a part of distinct 

 origin though intimately cohering with the pistlUem.? To the latter of these hypotheses he 

 seems inclined to give the preference, viewing it, as I understand him, as composed of a series of 

 modified stamina. Lindley, on the other hand, regards it "as nothing more than a remarkable 



leaves 



stigmatic 

 (geraniums) and Balsams. It is in fact 



named the style and stigma." Between two such authorities, it w^ould savour of presumption 

 my attempting to decide, but for myself, I think the latter the more simple and probable of the 

 two explanations of its origin. The aestivation ' '^ '' ^ "-'- ~ -' - '' rw^, -i .i 



in this 



The edires of 



