148 ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANV- 



Affikities. On this point considerable difference of opinion exists. Jussieu and D. C. 

 and Endlicher associate this order with the Celastrineous group among calyciflore, most Botanists 

 however agree with Brongaiart in placing it among the corolliflorous orders, as being related to 

 Sapofacecs and Ebenavece on the one side, and Oleacece on the other, a view in which, it appears 

 to me, they are well borne out by both habit and structure. Lindley, after in the main adopting 

 Broiii/niart's view, as to their near relationship with Ebenacece, goes on to remark : "Their true 

 character resides in their monopetalous corolla, axile placenta, pendulous, definite seeds, and 

 minute embryo lying in the base of a fleshy albumen. They differ from LoganeovecB in the 

 want of stipules, from JporynacecB in their simple stigma, and from Ebenacece in their long 

 «tyle, the stigmas of which never have a radiating appearance ; in their want of the peculiar silkv 

 corolla with a twisted aestivation ; in their stamens being constantly definite in number, and iii 

 the still more minute size of the embryo." 



Geographical Distribution. The species of this order are extensively but sparind7 

 distributed; eight or ten are natives of India. In the West Indies, South America, and the 

 Lape, they are more numerous. Several are found in North America, and one in Europe 



i« know 

 said to 



Properties and Uses. On this head, so far as the Indian species are concerned, nothing 

 own Several species possess tonic and astringent properties, while the fruit of some are 



r,lHo PoSfr"]*" n" ''' ^""f'^ '' ^''''^'^ *^^^ '^'^ '«^^«« «f th« ^o^^^««« holly are 

 equal to Peruvian bark in the cure of intermittent fever, which may, I think be safelv doubted 



TC^Tt:'m:ft^''''fV^^^^ *bat he Ld em;io'yed bSllm ai^d 



oAhrtllvTs knnfv'n 1 f' M ^^^'f?'' Intermittent, where Cinchona had failed. The bark 

 'lie a bov nrenrd > « °f ^''t'™f' ^ ^^'^ *" '^^^^^ ^ ^'^^ "^P^^f testify, having often, 

 by b ulLj^rfark h'^^^^^^^^^ ^ ^--^ ^"''^^^^" operatio/of mastication, at others 



i-CrSlf the sD^cL fi^^ and washing out the parenchymatous matter. It is not 



Is it beloLs to ^hp 1 f ^^'^^.^^aj' ^7 similar treatment, furnish that curious substance, 

 famil is found n the Pir^^'*^ M^J'•°^ ^^"^- ^"^ '^' «^««t curious property of the 

 Si^lf Hooke" has b e^^ ^^ ''t ^ ^ff^'^^^^ ^f which, from the%en of 



extract from that paper felird n. ilf ^«"^«« /^^^^l of Botany, vol. i. p. 80. The following 



constitution of ttt^r^^rlirma^ t S^Shg '' ^'^^ '^"^^' ^"' '''' '^^^^« ^^ '''^ ^"^"^" 



fondl^attrXe t'K:ir%LIX''.'^"^^Tr '''' '''''''' ^^'^'^ ^^e South Americans 

 otherValities are mor^'prob^^m^IS^ It -ctai^ly aperient and diuretic; but its 



the habit becomes second nature •in'^%->^' to individuals who accustom themselves to it, 

 impossible. Like opLm f certainK J T^ '^' "'f'''" '"^ ^^'^'^^ the quantity is almost 

 in the case of that nS^ dru^ hi^^^ torpid and calm the\-estless ; but, as 



consequent on the Sice of ^drnkJnrf '"'?"'" ^' ^P^ *^ «^«^^^«^ diseases, similar to those 

 about an ounce perTy ifthe mZ. ^'"^/'^"'T' ^''''''' ^'^o are fond of it consume 

 the opinion that prevails amonrthrS/r.w'^i'' ^^'^^^ '' ^l"^o«t universally taken, from 

 but the Creoles tLughoutSh wE '' '^' ^^'' r""'' ^^'^'^ ^^e prejudicial to health ; 

 travel without a supply of treeafXeh ^h! P.%'^^""^^^? ^^dicted to this beverage, and never 

 times much oftener, never taUnffbodu^^ and imbibe before each metl, and some- 



alkaloid of Tea and Coffee, htsbeenltectd In It?l''' ^'1 *^^""^ '^'''' »«^t-" Theine, the 

 are also employed in the same ^nne t Brazi aif^^^^^^^ ^^''"^^^ '" ^^^^^"^^' ^^'^^^ «P^^'1 

 one species abounds in tannin and h7\Z u'^ \-r ^"'^^'^' ^^^^^^ that the unripe fruit of 

 cotton fabrics ; they act hke galls ^ '''^ '" ferruginous mud, are employci in dying 



Remarks on Genera and Speptps Tr, « <• i 

 three species there is not much scope fo remark t'"^^ where we have only one genus and 

 one .8 enough, /fe. is said to have a ZsTobp.! ^ ^'"f ^ ^^^'« ^^^'^^er been formed where 

 cells to the ovary as there are lobes in the onllf^'' t",^ "''^'^"^' «»<* ^^ "^any stamens and 



throughout. Of the three speclestdigenous to tt Ind"'^'^ ''•""f ^^ ^^'^ '^ ^^^ ^'^ ^'''' 



S 10 tiie Indian peninsula, two have five or six parts 



