ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 



179 



for the purpose of explaining the principles, on which I was Induced to construct some new 

 genera, and recast the arrangement of the rest, and which, if carried out, may lead to a better 

 understanding of this difficult family. Referring to that extract and the character of the order 

 for its leading characteristics, the following distribution into sections will be easily understood, 

 as well as the use of these In facilitating the limitation and discrimination of the genera by 

 easily recognised marks. Still further to place this arrangement in a clear light, I have devoted 

 a plate to its illustration, in which I have given more or less perfect analyses of 14 genera and 

 15 species. In the explanation of that plate, I have not deemed it necessary to do more than 

 give a list of the names of the species introduced, the parts represented being throughout so 



obvious as not to require separate enumeration. 



(Plate 



NicO' 

 The 



uncolonred highly magnified sections of the ovary and fruit from dried ones, but which had not 

 been pressed in drying so as to change the form of the parts. The whole plant having been 

 soaked to restore pliability, the flowers wanted for examination were then picked off- The con- 

 densation of the spongy matter of the placentae by drying, shows I think more clearly tbeir mode 

 of formation, and seems to me to go far in support of my theory of occasional plurality of 

 carpels in this order, but on that point I leave the figures, the correctness of outline of which 

 I can attest, to speak for themselves. 



haps lead to its segregation as a distinct order. The 



''Availing myself of these variations of structme and 

 placentation of the ovary, I propose grouping the order, 

 so far as it is known to me, under the following sub- 

 orders or sections. 



I. Orobanche^. Ovary of several (?) carpels, 1-celI- 

 ed : ^ placentae parietal. Orobanchcy Cistanche^ Cono- 

 pliolisj Anoplanthus* 



II. jEginetie^. Ovary of 2 carpels, 1-celled : pla- 

 centae parietal, large, fleshy, lamellate or solid, Mgint- 



tia^ OligophoUs. 



HI, Lathr^e.^. Ovary of 2 carpels, 1-celled; car- 

 pels partially cohering in the parietes, the placentiferous 

 margins remaining free and spreadina; to the right and 

 left, forming two broad lamellar pl£rcenta&. Phdipaa^ 

 Laihraa^ Epiphagus. 



^ IV. HroBAsrcHEa:. Ovary imperfectly 2-celled, that 

 IS, the indexed carpels only partially meet in the axis, 

 but the placentiferous margins, remaining free and being 

 reflexed, form 2 loose placentae in each cell. Hyobanche, 

 Campbellia^ Chnslisonia^ Harveya, ? Aulmja ? 



The last two genera are doubtfully added to this 

 list, Mr. Bentham having already referred them to 

 Scrophulariaceiz, but as the habit and, apparently, the 

 •eed are not in unison with the rest of that family 

 their admission into this list may lead to further, and 

 perhaps more accurate scrutiny so as to leave no future 

 doubt of their proper location. If really Orobanchs, 

 they, especially the last, form, through Striga, the transi- 

 tion to Scrophulariact(B ; but judging from Sir W. Hooker's 

 analysis of the two genera, the former only, which has 

 two placentae in each cell, is truly referable to this order,^ 

 while Aulaya passes into the other. 



The first section, constituting, I presume, the type 

 of the order, unless I have misunderstood its structure, 

 differs widely from the rest in having several carpels, 

 all the others having only two. I am aware that this 

 View is at variance with the received opinions of 

 Botanists, and therefore forbear to urge it beyond call- 

 ing attention to what, to me, appears to be the true 

 ^ucture of the genera I have referred to it, and which, 

 « confirmed by more extended examination, wiU per- 



second and third of my sections respectively represent 

 in this group Bignoniace(B and Gesnereaceee* The fourth 

 approaches ScrophulariacefEj from which it is kept distinct 

 by its imperfectly 2-celled ovaries and by the placenti- 

 ferous margins of each carpel remaining distinct, in 

 place of coalescing with its fellow into a single axile 

 placenta. Should further observation prove these sec- 

 tions, which I find of easy application, well founded, 

 generic distinctions will henceforth be more readily 

 obtained; the uniformity of external characters, in the 

 absence of sub-division, causing a deficiency of good 

 distinctive marks by which to define the limits of genera. 

 The following synopsis of the genera known to me, 

 either from examination of specimens or good figures, 

 may serve to explain my meaning. 



L Orobancheje. 



1. Orobanche. Calyx wanting or rudimentary, brac- 



teoles dilated at the base, calyciform. Corolla tubular, 

 bilabiate, lips | lobed. Anthers glabrous, placentae 4-6, 

 parietal. 



2. Cystanche. Calyx bracteolate, tubular, 5-cleft. 

 Corolla tubular sub-ecjually 5-lobed. Anthers woolly, 



placentae 4, parietal 



3. CoNOPHOLis. Calyx bracteolate, aub-spathaceous. 

 Corolla ringent, upper lip large, vaulted, tmder short, 3- 

 lobed. Anthers pubescent. Placentae 4, parietal. 



4. Anoplawthus. Calyx ebracteolate, 5-cleft Cor- 

 olla tubular, arched or bent at the base, equally 5- 

 toothed, or sub-bilabiate. Anthers glabrous. Placentae 



^ 



^ginetiej: 



5. ^GiNETiA. Calyx and bracts wanting, their place 

 supplied by a loose spath. Corolla tubular, 5-lobed. An- 

 ther cells divaricate, both fertile. Placentae lamellate. 



6. Oligopholis. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed. Corolla 

 tubular, 5-lobed. Anthers 2-celled, one sterile, subulate. 

 Placentae % fleshy, not lamellate. 



III. LATHRiEEiE. 



7. Lathrjea. Calyx ebracteolate, 4-cleft. Corolla 

 ..:t. Jonf nnner lin entire, under smaller* 3-lobed. 



